PLUIT RESERVOIR RIPARIAN LANDSCAPE DESIGN USING AN ECOSYSTEM-BASED ADAPTATION APPROACH

• Main Author: Melisa Sri Tanjung, Elsa
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/80113
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Climate change is considered one of the most significant challenges of the 21st century, bringing widespread and profound impacts on various aspects of life, especially the environment. The focus of this design is on the riparian areas of Pluit Reservoir in Jakarta, a transitional zone between land and water, which has been seriously affected by climate change. Analysis from previous research indicates a 1.1°C increase in air temperature over the last 47 years, with significant predictions of temperature and rainfall increases in the future. This design details specific threats faced by the riparian areas of Pluit Reservoir, including risks of erosion, urban heat islands, sedimentation, and water level rise. Additionally, issues such as the lack of vegetation and riparian stability due to the use of sediment dredging slurry as temporary reinforcement are critical concerns that require serious attention. By outlining climate change trends and related threats, this design views the Ecosystem-based Adaptation (EBA) approach as a suitable framework to respond to climate change and enhance sustainability. In the context of designing the riparian areas of Pluit Reservoir, the implementation of EBA is relevant because it allows for the integration of existing biodiversity and ecosystem services, shaping them to adapt to climate change. Further analysis is based on two analytical methods: site analysis with a contextual approach to sustainable site design as the primary method, supplemented by guidelines for EBA intervention design, implementation, and monitoring. The results of this design provide a richer context in identifying significant threats in the riparian environment. In the context of designing the riparian areas of Pluit Reservoir, EBA-based solutions are the primary focus. Naturalization interventions, through increasing riparian vegetation and creating green open spaces, are proposed as the main strategy. Naturalization can integrate ecosystems into human design, providing space for riparian vegetation to thrive. The presence of riparian plants can control microclimates in riparian and reservoir areas. Riparian plants along the reservoir can form terrestrial corridors, serving as habitats for aquatic and terrestrial life, erosion control using plants as riparian reinforcement, and trapping sediment in runoff. Additionally, the selected riparian plants in the design anticipate rising water levels in the reservoir. The addition of a sediment forebay is also included to address sedimentation issues from the inflow channel, allowing dredging activities to focus on the forebay section equipped with maintenance access to avoid damage to riparian plants due to heavy equipment activities. The application of EBA principles is expected to create a more climate-resilient riparian environment through the integration of ecological, social, and technical solutions. This study not only identifies the problems and challenges faced by the riparian areas of Pluit Reservoir but also provides concrete and sustainable solutions through the EBA approach. These results are expected to serve as a guide for designing riparian areas in other urban regions facing similar issues, contributing to a broader understanding of the importance of ecological integration in climate change adaptation plans.