FORMULATION OF NANOSTRUCTURED LIPID CARRIER (NLC) CONTAINING KASUMBA TURATE FLOWER (CARTHAMUS TINCTORIUS L.) ETHANOL EXTRACTS TO ENHANCE IMMUNOMODULATORY ACTIVITY

• Main Author: Nurul Padjar, Insan
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/80266
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Kasumba Turate, scientifically known as Carthamus tinctorius Linn, is a plant extensively grown in South Sulawesi. It possesses several medicinal qualities, notably immunomodulatory action. The study aims to optimize the formula of the Nanostructured Lipid Carrier (NLC) containing the Ethanol Extract of the Flower of Kasumba Turate (NLC-EEKT) to enhance its immunomodulatory activity. Prior to formulating, it is necessary to select the solid lipid, liquid lipid, surfactant, and co-surfactant. The NLC formulation was optimized using the Box-Behnken Design in Minitab21®. The independent variables considered were the percentage ratio of solid lipid to liquid lipid (X1), the percentage of surfactant (X2), and the concentration of co-surfactant (X3). The variables used were size (Y1), polydispersity index (Y2), and entrapment efficiency (Y3). An assessment of the immunomodulatory action was conducted by evaluating the phagocytosis index using the carbon clearance test, determining the organ index, measuring antibody titer by the hemagglutination test, and quantifying the levels of Interferon Gamma (IFN-?). The optimal formula of NLC-EEKT obtained was with 5% total lipid, consisting of 2,73% Glycerol monostearate (GMS) as the solid lipid and 2,27% Rice Bran Oil as the liquid lipid (in a ratio of 6:5 or 1,2). The surfactant concentration was 2.29% Tween 20® , and the co-surfactant concentration was 1,58% Span 20. The NLC-EEKT, formulated optimally, has an average particle size of 199,6 nm ± 17,51 nm, the polydispersity index is 0,305 ± 0,05, the zeta potential is -27,4 ± 2,03 mV, and the entrapment efficiency (%EE) is 74,04 ± 1,67%. The Transmission Electron Micrograph (TEM) image revealed that the nanoparticles displayed a morphology characterized by a spherical shape and absence of aggregation. Overall, the data showed that the optimal formula of NLC EEKT was successfully produced and the results of immunomodulator activity studies were obtained that overall NLC forms have better immunostimulant activity than extract forms.