THE EFFICACY OF RED GINGER (ZINGIBER OFFICINALE ROSC. VAR SUNTI VAL.) EXTRACT AND NONI FRUIT (MORINDA CITRIFOLIA LINN) EXTRACT COMBINATIONS AS COMPLEMENTARY MEDICATIONS IN TUBERCULOSIS TREATMENT

• Main Author: Surialaga, Samsudin
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/81170
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

The previous preclinic study showed , standarized of red ginger and noni fruit extracts as well as their combinations had antituberculosis effects. The combinations of the two extracts combination each of 500mg or 250mg were clinically tested in this research to accelerated conversion of category I pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) patients positive AFB (Acid Fast Bacilli) to negative AFB during an intensive treatment of two months, which would eventually accelerate the recovery of new patients of pulmonary TB of category I at Community Lung Health Center and Dr. H.A. Rotinsulu Tuberculosis Hospital. Double-blind, randomized and placebo-controlled research design was adopted. Initially there were 60 patients involved in this clinical test, 13 out of them was still observed to reach the two montht observation. Inclusion criteria consisted of new patients with clinically diagnosed pulmonary TB. The laboratory examination of sputum established a positive AFB, males or females of 18-55 years old, based on anamnesis, physical and laboratory examinations willing to participate in the research. All patients full filling the inclusion criteria received standard antituberculosis medicines, and divided into three groups: Group I received a combination of red ginger extracts and noni fruit extracts each at daily dose of 500mg, group II received the combination of daily dose of 250mg and Group III received a placebo. Intensive phase investigation was completed in two months, and observed every two weeks. The standard medicines and the test extract were administered under medical staff direct observation during visits. Compliance of drug taking was assured under direct supervision by one of patients’ family members. The standard antituberculosis medicines were given in the morning, the red ginger-noni fruit and placebo were given in the morning and evening. They were routinely examined every two weeks during the intensive phase, during which the anamnesis and physical examinations were performed on each visit. Microscopic-bacteriological examination of the sputum was performed on the second, fourth, sixth and eighth weeks of observation. Laboratory examinations were performed on the eighth week of observation. AFB sputum expectorates conversion into negative AFB among patients affected by these treatments showed statistically significant conversion differences during the second week. Red ginger and noni fruit each at 500mg group was fast conversion different from red ginger and noni fruit each at 250mg group and the placebo group. At the eight week of observation, the group of red ginger and noni extract showed 100% of negative AFB, while the placebo group showed only 75% of negative AFB. This fact suggested that a combination of red ginger and noni was effective as adjuvant of the standard medicines in eradication of M. tuberculosis . The combination of red ginger and noni each dose of 250gr decreased the leucocyte number more faster than that of other groups. The group of combinations of red ginger and noni each of dose of 500gr showed an increase in body weight more than other groups. The general conditions of the TB patients showed an improvement during the tuberculosis treatments. Some were observed, such as rashes, which might not related to the test drug.