ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT FROM LEAVES, FLOWERS, AND STEM BARK OF AFRICAN LEAF (GYMNANTHEMUM AMYGDALINUM (DELILE) SCH. BIP.) AND SELECTED FRACTIONS AGAINST ACNE-CAUSING BACTERIA

• Main Author: Khavivah, Nurul
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/82614
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Acne is one of the most common skin diseases, often caused by increased sebum production, follicle hyperkeratinization, and bacterial proliferation. The main skin bacteria responsible for acne are Cutibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis. This study aimed to determine the antibacterial activity of ethanol extracts from the leaves, flowers, and stem bark of the african leaf plant (Gymnanthemum amygdalinum (Delile) Sch.Bip.) and selected fractions, against these acne-causing bacteria. The disk diffusion method was used to assess the antibacterial activity of the ethanol extracts against Cutibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined using the microdilution method, following the guidelines of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). The MIC values for the ethanol extract of flowers, ethanol-water fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, and n-hexane fraction against Cutibacterium acnes were 1.56 mg/mL, 100 mg/mL, 3.13 mg/mL, and 6.25 mg/mL, respectively. The MIC values against Staphylococcus epidermidis were 1.56 mg/mL, 6.25 mg/mL, 3.13 mg/mL, and 6.25 mg/mL, respectively. The MBC values for the ethanol extract of flowers, ethanol-water fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, and n-hexane fraction against Cutibacterium acnes were 3.13 mg/mL, more than 100 mg/mL, 6.25 mg/mL, and 12.5 mg/mL, respectively. For Staphylococcus epidermidis, the MBC values were 3.13 mg/mL, 50 mg/mL, 25 mg/mL, and more than 50 mg/mL, respectively. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the ethanol extract of flowers from the african leaf plant has the most significant potential to inhibit the growth and to kill both Cutibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis.