NANOSTRUCTURED LIPID CARRIER (NLC) FORMULATION OF PATCHOULI (POGOSTEMON CABLIN) ESSENTIAL OIL AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY AGAINST SKIN BACTERIA
Patchouli essential oil (MAN) has been known to have various pharmacological activities, including antibacterial activity. However, their high lipophilicity and volatility can be hampered by the utilization of essential oils in free form and their delivery in vitro and in vivo. Nanostructured Lipid...
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| Format: | Theses |
| Language: | Indonesia |
| Online Access: | https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/82693 |
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| Institution: | Institut Teknologi Bandung |
| Language: | Indonesia |
| Summary: | Patchouli essential oil (MAN) has been known to have various pharmacological activities, including antibacterial activity. However, their high lipophilicity and volatility can be hampered by the utilization of essential oils in free form and their delivery in vitro and in vivo. Nanostructured Lipid Carrier (NLC) is a second generation lipid nanoparticle that can encapsulate lipophilic substances such as MAN and has advantages, namely increasing capacity, hydration and occlusion effects, preparation stability, and protection against active substances. This research aims to formulate MAN into an optimal and stable NLC preparation, test its activity against the bacteria Staphylococcus epidermidis and Cutibacterium acne, and determine the presence of marker compounds in MAN and NLC-MAN. The NLC-MAN formulation was optimized through two main stages, formula optimization (type and ratio of solid lipid, liquid lipid, and surfactant) and process (type, duration, and amplitude of ultrasonicator). Characterization was carried out by determining morphology, particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency, and analysis of the thermal characteristics of NLC-MAN. In vitro antibacterial activity was tested by microdilution and agar diffusion methods. This study’s optimum formula (%w/w) was 2% MAN, 1.8% stearic acid, 2.2% jojoba oil, 5.4% Tween 80, and 3.6% TEGO® Care 165. NLC-MAN has a particle size of 202.53 ± 4.77 nm, polydispersity index 0.36 ± 0.01; a zeta potential was -22.78 ± 2.14 mV, and an encapsulation efficiency was 88.89 ± 3.08%. NLC-MAN contains 0.26 g patchouli alcohol/g MAN. In vitro test results show that encapsulation of MAN into NLC can reduce its antibacterial activity compared to free MAN.
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