ADSORPTION OF CD2+ ION USING FLOATING BEAD ?-CARRAGEENAN ADSORBENT WITH K2CO3 AND CACO3 AS PORE-FORMING AGENTS

• Main Author: Yasril, Reyhan
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Kimia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/83011
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Water pollution is a significant concern within communities, primarily due to industrial waste. Industrial waste contains heavy metal ions that can pollute the environment and threaten the health of living organisms. Cadmium is one of the hazardous metal ions found in industrial waste, fertilizers, and water sources, accumulating in living organisms, including humans. Exposure to cadmium ions in humans can lead to lung, kidney, bone, and reproductive organ diseases, as well as cancer. Cadmium ions in contaminated solutions can be reduced using the adsorption method with floating ?-carrageenan bead adsorbents. Carrageenan is a polysaccharide composed of D-galactose and 3,6-anhydrogalactose with alternating ?-1,3 and ?-1,4 glycosidic bonds. Among various types of carrageenan, ?-carrageenan is known for its strong gel-forming properties. The ?-carrageenan beads contain cavities filled with CO2 gas produced from the reaction between CO3 2? and HNO3, resulting a floating adsorbent that is easy to retrieve after the adsorption process and has an enhanced absorption capacity for cadmium ions from contaminated solutions. The floating ?-carrageenan bead adsorbent has a floating time of 8 hours with a swelling degree percentage of 843,91%. FTIR characterization of the floating ?-carrageenan bead adsorbent successfully showed characteristic peaks of ?-carrageenan in the fingerprint region. The morphological differences of the adsorbent before and after the adsorption process with cadmium ions were characterized using SEM. The cadmium element's atomic percentage on the floating ?-carrageenan bead adsorbent after the adsorption process with cadmium ions was characterized using EDS. The adsorption performance of cadmium ions by the floating ?-carrageenan bead adsorbent was tested by analyzing the remaining concentration of cadmium ions using atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). The optimal conditions for cadmium ion adsorption using the floating ?-carrageenan bead adsorbent occurred at pH 3, with an adsorbent mass of 0,1 grams and a contact time of 5 minutes. The adsorption of cadmium ions using the floating ?-carrageenan bead adsorbent followed the pseudo-second-order adsorption kinetics model and the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model, with a ???? of 16,85 mg/g at a temperature of 50 ?. The thermodynamics of cadmium ion adsorption using the floating ?-carrageenan bead adsorbent indicated a spontaneous, endothermic process with an unordered system