DNA BARCODES AND BIOACTIVITY OF INDIGENOUS INDONESIAN CRYPTOCARYA PULCHRINERVIA LEAVES

• Main Author: Septi Insani, Risma
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Kimia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/83204
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Cryptocarya is a genus of plants from the Lauraceae family that has economic value, because its wood has been used as building materials and raw material for pulp. In addition, several Cryptocarya species have been used as traditional medicine, including to treat fever (C. massoy) and fungal infections (C. alba). One of the Cryptocarya species that grows in Indonesia is C. pulchrinervia, whose leaf extract has been reported to produce secondary metabolites of the pyrone group which have potential cytotoxic activity against P-388 murine leukemia cells. However, as a medicinal plant, this species does not yet have a clear identification to differentiate it from other species. The results of the GenBank search show that there is no genetic information reported from C. pulchrinervia plant. DNA barcoding is a method for identifying living organism based on the specificity of the nucleotide sequence on a particular short fragment of DNA. DNA barcodes that correlate with the bioactivity potential of C. pulchrinervia will be beneficial for consumer protection because the identification of spesific DNA barcodes will be able to help the use of species to be targeted and can be used as an identification of the authenticity of medicinal plants, and for the protection of the sustainability of plants of C. pulchrinervia. The purpose of this study is to determine the morphological identity and genetic identity based on the DNA barcode in the 18S rRNA and rbcL marker genes of C. pulchrinervia and to test the bioactivity of C. pulchrinervia leaf ethyl acetate extract as an antibacterial. C. pulchrinervia leaves were obtained from the Bogor Botanical Garden on November 9, 2023, then DNA was isolated and then amplified with rbcL and 18S rRNA genes by PCR, the gene amplicons obtained were sequenced by the Sanger method and nucleotide sequence analysis was carried out using the BioEdit, BLAST, and MEGA11 programs. Bioactivity tests were carried out using the Kirby-Bauer method. The results of morphological identification of C. pulchrinervia were successfully determined such as the shape of the pinnate leaves, reddish scaly bark, and the height of the tree 20 m. The DNA barcodes of C. pulchrinervia in the 18S rDNA and rbcL genes have also been successfully constructed so that they can be used as genetic identity. The results of the antibacterial activity potential test showed that ethyl acetate extract with various concentration variations had an inhibitory diameter against Staphyloccocus aereus bacteria of 0,5±0,5 mm (1mg/20?L); 3,7±0,5 mm (5mg/20?L); 4,2±0,5 mm (10mg/20?L); and 5,3±0,5 mm (25mg/20?L).