SOSIAL VALUES ORIENTATION ON THE BEHAVIOURAL MOTIVATION OF LIMO KOTO KAMPAR RIAU HOUSE CHANGES

• Main Author: Amanati, Ratna
• Format: Dissertations
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Arsitektur
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/83904
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Every house conversion activity is driven by a desire to meet the demands and solve the issues of the occupants. To comply with various requirements, residents modify certain parts of their homes. As an heirloom, a house is an inheritance that cannot be bought and sold and is inhabited by different generations at different times, with needs that change over time. Today's generations are changing homes to meet new needs, but their motivations often differ from the traditional values held when the house was built. It is feared that changes made without following the applicable customary order could disrupt and even destroy the heritage house. Rumah Limo Koto Kampar is a traditional house built based on traditional principles and rules established by our ancestors. The custom values contained in the phrase 'Adat is based on Syarak, Syarak is based on Kitabullah' originate from the teachings of the Islamic religion and have long been believed by society to regulate various aspects of life. However, developments over time have the potential to cause these values to fade and be abandoned, shifting towards values that are more in line with changing times. Philosopher and psychologist Schwartz proposed a universal paradigm for basic human values. Based on years of study spanning over 83 nations and several religions worldwide, Schwartz thinks this approach works well for a wide range of ethnicities, both individually and collectively. In collaboration with several researchers, Schwartz proved that fundamental human values, which are sinusoidal in nature and universal, serve as the driving force behind the actions of both individuals and collectives. Because of the of the wide range of interests, Schwartz divides these values into two orientations: societal and personal. This study attempts to pinpoint the patterns of housing alterations that take place as well as the value orientation that drives these changes. To get visual data, observation was used, and semi-structured interviews were used to gather text data. The MEC (mean-end chain) approach reinforces the content analysis method used in data analysis. This research found various patterns of physical changes to the house in building components outside the main house. The changes that occur tend to maintain the main house because the residents always maintain the old house, which accommodates all family and relatives. Residents believe that the old house is a shelter for the family who lives in it and a home for relatives who have gone abroad. Therefore, residents make changes to parts of the house outside the main house while still maintaining the existence of the main house. Residents make changes to maintain. The analysis results indicate that residents' decisions to change their homes are primarily motivated by social factors. This differs from the common assumption that, as suburban society modernises, it transitions from a collective focus to an individualistic one. The actions of residents in changing and maintaining a home go beyond personal interests. Changes are made with consideration for others outside of themselves, based on values such as respect for tradition, obedience to religion, interpersonal respect, adjustment to developing social norms, humility, caring, dependable virtue, and universality, which includes attention to nature and tolerance towards others. These values are social values that align with the traditional values in Limo Koto Kampar within the context of Islamic teachings. The physical changes in buildings are not caused by changes in the value motivation that follows modernization, but rather by changes in resources and developing social norms. Rumah Limo Koto Kampar has been transformed while adhering to the principle that "Tradition is based on Syarak; Syarak is based on the Book of Allah." This research is unique because it examines traditional houses from the perspective of the occupants, who are the main actors interacting with the house. Past reviews of traditional houses have focused on their physical, meaningful, or anthropological aspects related to natural geography. What makes this research innovative is the method used, specifically the application of the basic human values model according to Schwartz (2012) as a tool for understanding the phenomenon of changing traditional houses and the use of the MEC method to trace the motivation for tangible values resulting from changes in intangible building components.