A CONVERGENT PARALLEL STUDY ON PNEUMONIA VACCINATION INTENTION & CHALLENGES IN THE WORKPLACE SETTING

• Main Author: Wijaya, Hendra
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/83990
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Pneumonia is part of Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) that has high disease burden not only in the infants but also among Indonesian adult workforce. Following data from Marsh Mercer medical trend in 2023, Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) and Pneumonia showed significant burden to both employer and employee which recognized as one of recorded disease with the highest incidences, medical claim, productivity loss and hospitalization. Despite the availability of the vaccine to prevent Pneumonia, the vaccination utilization remains very low in Indonesia workforce and adult in general. This study is aiming to understand better what are the factors that associated with the workforce’ Pneumonia vaccination intention especially after COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, there is limited research to focus on the strategy to increase vaccination intention for Pneumonia in Indonesia. This study adopts (Ajzen, 1991) Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) in explaining the variables (Attitude, Subjective Norm and Perceived Behavior Control) that influencing the vaccination intention among Indonesian workforce. There is one extended variable known as Knowledge of Acute Respiratory Infection (KARI) also added to prove its correlation towards the vaccination intention. Furthermore, author is aiming to understand better overall preventive measurement like workforce vaccination acceptance and types of preventive measurement that commonly implemented in Indonesia`s workplace. Author proposed A Convergent parallel study with quantitative data analysis and qualitative data analysis are performed parallelly, followed with data integration as summary. The quantitative data is collected through online survey with nonprobability sampling & purposive method. Total 151 respondents of 18-55 years old adult workforce provided their response and involved in this study. The qualitative data is collected through semi-structured interview with total 5 respondents of key identified stakeholders such as Chief Executive Officer (CEO), Human Capital Director from diverse industry along with insurance brokerage & health insurance executive. This study utilized descriptive and Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modelling (PLS SEM) as data analysis method for quantitative and Thematic Analysis for qualitative method. The results show that attitude, perceived behavior control and knowledge of Acute Respiratory Infections are positively influenced the Pneumonia vaccination intention while subjective norm is not. This study also found the underlying cause of low preventive measurement like vaccination among workforce in Indonesia are due to several reasons like the belief of curative is the basic medical needs in the workplace, providing vaccination coverage is part of health benefit for talent retain/attract strategy. Another reason is related to cost, with the perception that adding vaccination coverage to the health benefit will increase the health insurance premium payment to the insurance. Lower awareness & knowledge on iii vaccination benefit in general, diseases burden & Prevention of Pneumonia & Acute Respiratory are the key blockers of the lower vaccination acceptance as preventive measurement in the workplace setting in Indonesia. Lastly, Influenza Vaccination and mask wearing is the most common preventive measurement that embraced by the employer and the employee. This study contributes the application of Extended Theory Planned Behaviour towards vaccination intention among Indonesia workforce for Pneumonia Vaccine and provide extensive insights and recommendation to the vaccine manufacturer, employer, government and other stakeholders on the strategy to put prevention through vaccination to tackle the high burden of Acute Respiratory Infection Especially Pneumonia among Indonesia workforce.