BLUEPRINT OF SAFETY: CRAFTING TSUNAMI EVACUATION-READY URBAN SPACES

• Main Author: Binti Nolasari, Annisa
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Perencanaan wilayah
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/84374
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

As the largest archipelagic country in the world, Indonesia's coastal areas are highly attractive for both tourism and settlement. Rapid urbanization has increased the potential utilization of these coastal regions. However, Indonesia's geographic location at the convergence of three tectonic plates makes it particularly vulnerable to maritime disasters, especially tsunamis. The southern coast of Java faces the threat of a megathrust tsunami, with predicted wave heights reaching up to 20 meters and arrival time within minutes. The absence of design guidelines focused on tsunami evacuation exacerbates this vulnerability. This study addresses this gap by identifying optimal urban spatial configurations in coastal areas that facilitate effective tsunami evacuation. By analyzing evacuation routes and the placement of evacuation facilities, such as buildings and signage, using tools like Space Syntax and NetLogo, the study finds that a grid pattern with block sizes ranging from 100 to 150 meters performs best due to its well-distributed connectivity. Additionally, enhancing the visibility of evacuation facilities is crucial for designing tsunami-resilient coastal areas. The research further outlines design criteria and principles for evacuation-oriented coastal planning, incorporating broader urban design elements. Application of these findings to the Parangtritis coastal area resulted in a significant increase in the number of evacuees successfully reaching safety.