SYNTHESIS OF LUBRICANT BASE OIL FROM CASTOR SEED OIL USING NA ZSM-5, PTSA, AND SNCL2 CATALYSTS
Castor seed oil is a highly potential commodity that can be used or processed into non-food derivative products. This is because this oil has toxins that are not good for consumption, in contrast to other vegetable oils such as palm oil which can be consumed. Castor seed oil is obtained from the ext...
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| Format: | Final Project |
| Language: | Indonesia |
| Online Access: | https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/84511 |
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| Institution: | Institut Teknologi Bandung |
| Language: | Indonesia |
| Summary: | Castor seed oil is a highly potential commodity that can be used or processed into non-food derivative products. This is because this oil has toxins that are not good for consumption, in contrast to other vegetable oils such as palm oil which can be consumed. Castor seed oil is obtained from the extraction of Castor seeds which are then processed further so that it can be used as a raw material for making lubricating base oil. This research aims to make lubricating base oil from Castor seed oil with the help of Na-ZSM-5, PTSA, and SnCl2 as catalysts in a 3-step reaction. The first stage will be the saponification reaction between castor oil and NaOH (mol ratio 1:6) at 70oC and 1 bar operating conditions. The soap product from the previous reaction will then be reacted with H2SO4 (mol ratio 1:2) on an acidulation reaction at 80oC and 1 bar operating conditions to create a ricinoleic acid. Lastly, this ricinoleic acid will be esterified with Trimethylolpropane (TMP) at 140oC and vacuum operating conditions to create a lubricant base oil. This research will be carried out with 6 variations consisting of 2 ricinoleic acid and TMP variations (3:1 and 2:1) on 3 catalyst variations (Na-ZSM-5, PTSA, dan SnCl2). Based on the research results, the variation of base oil with the best acid number and viscosity index is the one using PTSA catalyst with a reactant molar ratio of FA to TMP is 2:1 (AV 1.16 mg KOH/g sample and IV 216). However, the variation with the viscosity range most suitable for the climatic conditions in Indonesia is the sample with SnCl2 catalyst and a reactant molar ratio of FA to TMP is 2:1 (Kinematic viscosity at 100°C of 15.15 cSt). In terms of economic aspects, the sample with SnCl2 catalyst is projected to achieve a high gross profit margin of 22%. With this research, the author hopes that research, technology, and innovation in the downstream sector of plant-based products in Indonesia will continue to improve. |
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