GREEN SYNTHESIS OF AG/AGCL NANOPARTICLES FOR ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIVIRAL AGENT, USING SHALLOT (ALLIUM CEPA L. VAR AGGREGATUM) PEEL EXTRACT AS AGNO3 SOLUTION REDUCING AGENT, AND ITS APPLICATION AS ULTRASONOGRAPHY GEL ANTIBACTERIAL AGENT AGAINST E. COLI AND B. CEREUS

• Main Author: Muharam Fadli, Revi
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/84586
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

The addition of antimicrobial agents to ultrasonography (USG) gel can reduce the risk of infection transmission between patients. Precious metal nanoparticles, especially silver, can be an alternative antibacterial and antiviral agent that is more promising than antibiotics, which only works against bacteria, and tends to induce antibiotic resistance over time. Unfortunately, most silver nanoparticle (AgNP) manufacturing methods involve hazardous substances, extreme conditions, high energy, and complicated separations. Reduction of AgNO3 solution with plant extracts can serve as a 'green' synthesis pathway, especially if using food processing waste or other biological materials. Reducing agents that are commonly found in plant extracts, such as flavonoids, are widely contained in shallots (Allium cepa L. var. aggregatum) which are commonly used as food ingredient in Indonesia, but the processing waste is still not widely used. This thesis aims to synthesize silver/silver chloride nanoparticles (AgNP) with the AgNO3 solution reduction method, using onion peel waste extract as a reducing agent. The synthesized AgNPs were compared with ones synthesized using NaBH4 reducing agent. The resulting AgNPs were characterized by TEM, UV-vis, FTIR, and XRD. Antibacterial ability was tested through Kirby-Bauer method, after dispersing the AgNPs in USG gel. Keywords: flavonoid, green synthesis, reducing agent, shallot peel extract, silver nanoparticle.?