HOUSING TRANSFORMATION OF RUSUNAWA IN GREATER BANDUNG (CASE STUDY: RUSUNAWA BALEENDAH, RUSUNAWA CINGISED, RUSUNAWA RANCACILI)

• Main Author: Yuda Wardiana, Indra
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Bangunan
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/84594
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Rusunawa was built with the aim of providing decent housing for the lower class. However, based on initial observations, it has been found that the form of changes made are either changes in the placement of residential units, the addition of certain components, and changes in space. The implementation of rusunawa does not consider aspects related to the placement of the lower class as residents of rusunawa. This has an impact on the emergence of housing transformation activities, due to the incompatibility of the condition of the residential unit with the background and needs of the residents. This study aims to examine the influence of the background of residents and the condition of the residential unit on the form of housing transformation, with the hope of identifying the principles of rusunawa development that can meet the housing needs of the lower class contextually. This study was conducted in Rusunawa Baleendah, Cingised, and Rancacili. There are three questions in this study, namely; (i) What is the form of housing transformation carried out in rusunawa? (ii) What is the relationship between the motivation for housing transformation and the form of housing transformation? (iii) What are the recommendations for the development of rusunawa so that it can meet housing needs and be in accordance with the context of the lower class in Greater Bandung? This study was conducted using a mixed method and was divided into two stages. The first stage begins by exploring the form of housing transformation and the reasons for transformation in the case study rusunawa. The second stage aims to identify the relationship between the motivation for housing transformation and the form of transformation. In the first stage, the data collected were analyzed using typology analysis, open-coding, correspondence, and cluster hierarchy. While in the second stage, the data were analyzed using Principal Component Analysis and ANOVA analysis. Data collection methods were carried out by observation, semi-structured interviews, questionnaires, and literature studies. The results of this study are to identify four categories of transformation forms, namely physical transformation, transformation of additional housing components, spatial transformation, and utility transformation. Physical transformation is a change and also the addition of components to housing. The form of physical transformation activities consists of changes to walls, changes to the balcony grill, changes to windows, changes to the ceiling, and changes to the floor. Transformation of additional housing components is the addition of components/attributes that have a function to support the activities of rusunawa residents. The findings of the form of transformation activities of additional housing components are the installation of clotheslines, installation of storage places, and installation of curtains. Spatial transformation is a form of transformation related to changes in space, either through expansion, division of space, changes in the function of space, and utilization of multi-function space. Utility transformation is a change made to the housing utility site. The form of utility changes found in the case study is the installation of air filters, clean water pipes, air conditioners, and also ceiling fans. The results of qualitative and quantitative research also reveal the motivations for physical transformation in the third case study which include improving housing, comfort, and privacy. This study also found motivations that influenced the four forms of transformation, namely improving housing, comfort, privacy, maintenance needs that are more capable of drying and storing goods, economic vulnerability, socio-demographic conditions, space comfort, the existence of unmet space needs, poor air quality, and also the lack of access to clean water. This study identified that physical transformation actions, addition of housing components, and utilities were carried out due to housing condition factors. While spatial transformation affects housing condition factors and the background of residents. Based on the research findings, this thesis also discusses recommendations for developing flats both in terms of management and design.