COMPARISON OF SEAGRASS MEADOWS AROUND SEVERAL SMALL ISLANDS IN SECTION III KEPULAUAN SERIBU NATIONAL PARK, DKI JAKARTA

• Main Author: Rheyhan Izza Wahyudi, Muhammad
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/84617
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

The seagrass meadow is a coastal ecosystem that provides many important ecosystem services. It is commonly found in the waters of SPTN (National Park Management Section) Region III, Kepulauan Seribu National Park (TNKpS) in DKI Jakarta. This section of the national park has been designated as an area for residential, commercial, and tourism activities, therefore its high anthropogenic activity poses a potential threat to the seagrass ecosystem. This study aims to describe and compare the condition of seagrass ecosystems around several small islands in Region III TNKpS in terms of seagrass community structure, its association with the fish community, ecosystem health assessment, as well as the relationship between biotic and abiotic parameters. The study focused on three islands, i.e., Pramuka island, Panggang island, and Kotok island which were selected based on the difference in their designated purpose. Seagrass data were collected using the transect-plot method, while data on adult fish were collected using the visual census method. From these data, the Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Simpson dominance index, importance value index (for seagrass communities), and ecosystem health assessment (SEQI/Seagrass Ecological Quality Index) were calculated. Abiotic data on water and sediment were collected at each transect through direct measurements and laboratory analysis. Results show that there are six species of seagrass on Pramuka island and four species of seagrass on Panggang and Kotok islands which all belong to the Hydrocharitaceae or Cymodoceaceae family. Seagrass species diversity is higher on Kotok and Pramuka island (1.2 and 1.0 respectively) compared to Panggang island (0.89). Based on importance value index, the dominant species on the three islands is Thalassia hemprichii; however, Enhalus acoroides had the highest dominance index on Pramuka Island.This could be attributed to the differences in size and cover of each species. The seagrass health index on Pramuka, Panggang and Kotok islands were calculated as 0.70, 0.72, and 0.68 respectively, which indicates that the ecosystem health of Pramuka and Panggang islands is classified as good while Kotok island is classified as moderate. Correlation tests show that seagrass cover is inversely related to the abundance and richness of adult fish species. Analysis also shows that the abiotic conditions on the three islands are similar and the value of total suspended solids (TSS) on the three islands does not comply with water quality standards (>0.02 gr/L). These findings may indicate that the differences in seagrass conditions on the three islands are not primarily a result of differences in water or sediment quality, but could be related to various human activities such as tourism, sea transportation, and seagrass restoration.