XANTHONE COMPOUND FROM GARCINIA MANGOSTANA PEEL EXTRACT AND ITS ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY

• Main Author: Purnomo Sidik, Ali
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Kimia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/84654
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Indonesia is a tropical country, where its population is highly vulnerable to various attacks by tropical diseases caused by bacteria, viruses, and parasites. Currently, there are many antibiotics available to treat bacterial diseases. However, due to bacterial resistance to certain antibiotics, the search for potential antibiotics continues, both from natural and synthetic sources. One plant species with potential antibacterial properties is Garcinia mangostana, known as mangosteen in Indonesia. This plant is found across Southeast Asia, including Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Myanmar, and Thailand. G. mangostana produces a major secondary metabolite known as xanthone. Based on several studies, Garcinia mangostana contains secondary metabolites with bioactivities such as antioxidant, antitumor, antibacterial, antiallergic, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, and antiviral properties. In this study, xanthones were isolated from the peel extract of G. mangostana using Vacuum Liquid Chromatography (VLC) followed by compound purification with Chromatotron and characterization using NMR spectroscopy. Three pure compounds were successfully isolated: ?-mangostin (1), ?-mangostin (2), and 9-hydroxycalabaxanthone (3). The isolated compounds were tested for their antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Salmonella typhi, and Staphylococcus aureus, with chloramphenicol as the positive control and 10% DMSO as the negative control. The antibacterial assay results showed that ?-mangostin (1), ?-mangostin (2), and 9-hydroxycalabaxanthone (3) exhibited moderate activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Staphylococcus aureus, and low activity against Salmonella typhi.