NEPHROPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF HOARY BASIL LEAVES EXTRACT NANOEMULSION (OCIMUM AMERICANUM L.) ON MALE WISTAR RATS
Kidney disease is divided into two types based on its duration and progression rate: acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Hoary basil (Ocimum americanum L.) leaves have shown an effect of kidney protection through in vivo experiments. However, nanoemulsion formulation is devel...
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| Format: | Final Project |
| Language: | Indonesia |
| Online Access: | https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/85158 |
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| Institution: | Institut Teknologi Bandung |
| Language: | Indonesia |
| Summary: | Kidney disease is divided into two types based on its duration and progression rate: acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Hoary basil (Ocimum americanum L.) leaves have shown an effect of kidney protection through in vivo experiments. However, nanoemulsion formulation is developed in order to increase its nephroprotective effect. This study aims to determine the nephroprotective effect of hoary basil leaves extract nanoemulsion through in vivo experiment on a rat model of kidney injury. Male Wistar rats were induced by gentamicin and piroxicam for 21 days. Gentamicin was given throughout days 1 to 7 at a dose of 100 mg/kg BW/day and followed by a dose of 50 mg/kg BW/day throughout days 8 to 21. Piroxicam was given at a dose of 3,6 mg/kg BW/day on days 1 to 21. Hoary basil leaves extract nanoemulsion without saccharide (NTS), hoary basil leaves extract nanoemulsion with saccharide (NS), nanoemulsion basis without the extract (BN), along with hoary basil leaves extract in 60% ethanol-citric acid and hoary basil leaves extract in 96% ethanol were given during days 8 to 21. Evaluation of kidney function were carried out with the measurement of urea, creatinine, urinalysis, and histopathological observation on kidney tubules and glomeruli. The measurement of AST, ALT, and histopatological observation on liver were also carried out. Based on statistical analyses, decrease of urea, creatinine, AST, and ALT levels during the end of the study were found in NTS, NS, Et60AS, and Et96 and they have shown a significant difference from the positive control (p <0,05). Moreover, the lowest level was achieved by the NS group. Based on urinalysis, groups NTS, NS, Et60AS and Et96 were close to the normal control. Histopathologically, kidney repairment effect were observed on treatment groups especially on the groups NTS and NS. It is concluded that hoary basil leaves extract nanoemulsion exhibits a nephroprotective effect.
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