PENGEMBANGAN PLASMA PIJAR LUCUTAN KORONA UNTUK PENYISIHAN ZAT WARNA TEKSTIL

• Main Author: Handoko, Budy
• Format: Dissertations
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/85356
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

One of the main issues facing the textile industry in Indonesia is the excessive use of clean water and wastewater that contains hazardous, complex dye molecules that are mutagenic and difficult to degrade naturally. This is even worse when high molecular weight textile dyes, such phthalocyanine chromophore reactive dyes, are present in the effluent. These dyes have complicated chemical structures that include ligands that bind Co, Cu, or Cr metals. Consequently, a technique for treating wastewater that is effective in breaking down complex and high molecular dyes is needed. Furthermore, it is anticipated that the treatment outcomes will have the ability to recycle wastewater or be utilized again as a textile wet process water source. One emerging technique for removing organic materials is plasma technology, which generates oxidative species like OH•, O•, O3, and H2O2. The research used corona discharge plasma from a high-voltage electric generator with a point-field electrode configuration. This type of plasma is included in cold plasma, which efficiently produces oxidative species. Many other researchers have researched the removal of organic substances using this plasma but using a model of organic substances with relatively low molecules weight. Therefore, in this dissertation research, a chromophore reactive dye phthalocyanine that has a large molecular size (MW 1079.60 g/mol) and complex and the use of iron catalysts suspended or immobilised on polyacrylonitrile material is used, which is novel and exciting to study. Calculation of kinetics, efficiency energy and prediction of dye derivatives are also novel in this research. The study was structured into four phases: producing and analyzing corona discharge plasma, employing corona discharge plasma for dye treatment, creating an immobilized catalyst, and applying an immobilized catalyst combined with plasma for dye treatment. The experimental results showed that the highest corona discharge incandescent plasma could be formed from a point-field electrode at a voltage of 21 kV, which produced a beam length of 1.52 cm and an ozone species concentration of 69.8 ppm. The dye concentration, pH, catalyst and exposure time affect dye removal efficiency using corona discharge glow plasma. The optimum value of corona discharge incandescent plasma process was obtained at a voltage of 21 kV, distance between electrodes of 4.0 cm, O2 flow rate of 1 L/min, pH of 3, and Fe catalyst of 0.5 mM with 100% decolourization efficiency and 82.9% COD removal during 60 minutes of exposure. The reaction kinetics of phthalocyanine reactive dye removal using corona discharge plasma follow a first-order kinetic, with a value of 0.0249 min-1 without catalyst, increasing 2.5-fold to 0.0644 min-1 with immobilised catalyst or 5-fold to 0.1283 min-1 with the addition of suspended catalyst. The dye removal efficiency energy reached 0.17 g/kWh without the addition of the catalyst and increased to 0.27 g/kWh with the addition of the suspended catalyst. Plasma exposure to polyacrylonitrile fibres successfully changed the chemical structure of the fibres to immobilise the iron catalyst. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) test results showed that the iron catalyst was attached to the polyacrylonitrile fabric before and after the washing experiment. The results of the functional group test using FTIR showed a change in the functional group that increased the hydrophile nature of the polyacrylonitrile fabric. An iron catalyst immobilised on polyacrylonitrile was used to remove textile dyes efficiently. Within 60 minutes, the removal of phthalocyanine dye reached 98.3% with kinetics of 0.0644 min-1. These results show that the dye removal efficiency using corona discharge plasma using an immobilised iron catalyst is lower than that of a suspended iron catalyst but higher than that without a catalyst. FTIR and AAS testing showed that the Cu metal bound to the dye ligand was disconnected, so the Phthalocyanine chromophore was damaged and unable to produce colour in visible light. In addition, the FTIR test results showed that the dye precipitate formed was thought to be from the breakdown of the sulfonate group. In addition, a new hypothesis was presented from the FTIR test results which showed that the dye precipitate was formed due to the destruction of the sulfonate group. The results showed that corona discharge plasma with the addition of both suspended and attached iron catalysts improved the removal performance of high-molecule dyes. Further development to attach the iron catalyst to the media is still needed to achieve the optimal amount of mass per unit area of material. The treatment of dyeing effluent using corona discharge plasma has the potential as an alternative process water substitution for textile wet processes.