BIOSORPTION OF REMAZOL TURQUOISE BLUE G-133 REACTIVE DYE BY MARASMIELLUS PALMIVORUS FUNGI WITH VARIATION OF HEAT AND FUNGICIDE INACTIVATION

• Main Author: Ajipratiwi Putri, Cherolyn
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/85837
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Waste from the use of synthetic dyes such as Remazol Turquoise Blue G-133 (RTB G-133) can contaminate the environment if not properly treated. One fungus from the White-Rot Fungi group, Marasmiellus palmivorus, is capable of processing dye waste through biodegradation and biosorption mechanisms. This study aims to describe the potential biosorption capacity of inactivated M. palmivorus in absorbing dye waste, specifically the reactive dye RTB G-133. Heat inactivation was performed using an autoclave, while fungicide inactivation was conducted with hexaconazole treatment. Biosorption tests were carried out by submerging 3 grams of inactivated M. palmivorus in 135 mL dye solution with initial concentrations of 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 mg/L. Absorbance measurements were taken every 4 hours over a 48-hour period using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Analysis of decolorization percentage, sorption kinetics, and sorption isotherms was conducted for all tests. Based on the experimental results, the highest biosorption capacity achieved by M. palmivorus was 44.934 mg/g with heat inactivation at an initial concentration of 200 mg/L, and 33.669 mg/g with fungicide inactivation at the same initial concentration. Increasing the initial dye concentration to 250 mg/L resulted in fluctuating and unstable sorption processes for both treatments. All initial concentration variations for both inactivation treatments were better fit by the pseudo 1st-order kinetic model, indicating that sorption mechanisms tend to occur through physical adsorption. The maximum sorption rate was obtained with fungicide inactivation at an initial concentration of 100 mg/L with a value of 0.425. In contrast, heat inactivation reached its maximum sorption rate at an initial concentration of 200 mg/L with a value of 0.082. The highest equilibrium capacity was found at the initial concentration of 200 mg/L, with values of 40.796 mg/g for heat inactivation and 31.405 mg/g for fungicide inactivation. Isotherm model fitting for the biosorption process with both inactivation methods was evaluated using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. The fit with the Langmuir isotherm showed a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.195 for heat inactivation and 0.334 for fungicide inactivation. The fit with the Freundlich isotherm showed a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.160 for heat inactivation and 0.124 for fungicide inactivation. The low determination coefficients indicate that both treatments are not well-suited to the models used. These results demonstrate that M. palmivorus, under the conditions of this study, can effectively absorb RTB G-133 dye, with higher biosorption capacity achieved by heat-inactivated fungus. The retention rate can be described by the pseudo 1st-order kinetic model, and no model has yet been found to appropriately represent the relationship between M. palmivorus as an adsorbent and RTB G-133 as an adsorbate. Further research could explore the effects of other physicochemical factors in the biosorption process, as well as combined studies on the biosorption and biodegradation capabilities of M. palmivorus in dye waste treatment.