RADIAL CHARACTERIZATION OF TREMBESI (SAMANEA SAMAN JACQ. MERR) AND CEMPAKA WOODS (MAGNOLIA CHAMPACA L. BAILL. EX PIERRE) ANATOMY

• Main Author: Firdasani, Kinanti
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Ilmu hayati ; Biologi
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/85933
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Wood anatomical characterization is a comprehensive study of the macroscopic and microscopic internal of wood structure. Radial orientation can identify wood characteristic because the growth rings are clearly observed thus characteristics of wood are representatively. Identification of wood anatomy characterization are through the analysis of characteristics and dimensions of vessels, fibers, and tracheids. Identification of wood anatomy in the fiber length parameter can determining boundary between juvenile and mature wood. In this study, trembesi and cempaka wood were selected because they vary in diameter and number of growth rings on the main stem. This study aims to evaluate characteristics and anatomical dimensions of vessels and fibers, also determine the boundaries of juvenile and mature wood. The characteristics of fibers and vessels were identified through three-plane wood section, stem cross-sections, and wood maceration. Meanwhile, fiber and vessel dimensions were measured through the growth ring width, correlation analysis of fiber dimensions, and statistical analysis related to fiber length between wood maturation areas in 16 trembesi wood growth rings and 27 cempaka wood growth rings. Fiber dimensions were measured per growth ring for 50 repetitions, vessel length and diameter for 15 repetitions, and vessel frequency for 3 repetitions. The boundary between juvenile and mature wood was determined through the trend of fiber length with a segmented regression model. The results showed that characteristics of trembesi and cempaka wood vessels are diffuse-porous also solitary and multiple vessels. Trembesi wood vessels have gum deposite, simple perforation, intervessel pits: alternate, vessel-ray pit has distinct border. Meanwhile, characteristics of cempaka wood vessels are scalariform perforation, intervessel pits: alternate and scalariform, vessel-ray pits are reduced to apparently simple, and have a tyloses. Also, fiber characteristics of both woods are thin-walled, nonseptate, and none of pit. Both of wood are difference by prismatic crystal in trembesi wood fibers. The average vessels length of trembesi: 277.37±71.97 ?m while cempaka: 768.85±133.99 ?m, vessel diameter of trembesi: 313.35±82.42 ?m while cempaka:126.97±30.40 ?m, vessel frequency of trembesi: 2.88±0.45 vessels/mm2 and cempaka: 15.31±30.40 vessels/mm2. The average growth ring width of trembesi: 1.76±0.63 cm/growth period while cempaka: 0.69±0.36 cm/growth period, fiber length of trembesi: 1.09±107.99 ?m while cempaka: 1674±318.89 ?m, fiber diameter of trembesi: 21.9±3.42 ?m whereas cempaka: 23.33±3.13 ?m, fiber lumen diameter of trembesi wood: 15.7±3.51 ?m while cempaka wood: 14.86±3.51 ?m, fiber wall thickness of trembesi: 3.08±0.82 ?m while cempaka: 4.24±0.82 ?m; and maturation point of trembesi wood started at 14th growth ring while cempaka wood at 21st growth ring. Fiber dimension correlation showed that fiber length of both woods was positively correlated with fiber wall thickness while fiber diameter and lumen diameter were negatively correlated. Significance test results showed that between wood maturation areas there were significant fiber length differences in juvenile and transitional wood. In addition, The conclusion of the research results that characteristics, dimensions of vessels and fibers, also the boundaries of juvenile wood and mature wood between the two woods are varied in radially.