POTENTIAL FOR TRANSFORMING USED COOKING OIL INTO BIODIESEL FROM DIVERSE RESTAURANT SOURCES IN BANDUNG CITY

• Main Author: Hamzah
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Teknik saniter dan perkotaan; teknik perlindungan lingkungan
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/86265
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Biodiesel is a versatile fuel that can replace conventional diesel without requiring significant engine modifications, making it a practical option for reducing fossil fuel dependence. Biodiesel from used cooking oil (UCO) is produced through transesterification with a NaOH catalyst and ethanol, involving three reversible reactions: triglycerides to diglycerides, diglycerides to monoglycerides, and monoglycerides to glycerol, each step producing an ester molecule. Samples from five restaurants in Bandung City, fried meat, Warteg in Dipatiukur, Japanese, Sundanese, and Padang are tested for biodiesel quality according to SNI 7281-2015 standards, assessing FFA, density, water content, viscosity, and acid level. The FFA content was below 2%, and density ranged from 0.85 to 0.89 g/ml, both meeting standards. The water content was less than 0.05 g, also compliant with SNI 7281-2015. Only the Warteg and Sundanese cuisine samples met the viscosity standard, while all samples complied with the acid level standard. In terms of quantity, the restaurant selling fried meat produced the most biodiesel from 200 ml of spent cooking oil. Encouraging Bandung restaurants, especially those serving fried meat, to convert used cooking oil into biodiesel could effectively reduce hazardous waste. As from the economical aspect, the weekly generation of used cooking oil in Bandung City is estimated at 20,426.36 liters, which can be transformed into approximately 17,362.406 liters of biodiesel and 6,127.908 liter of glycerol. This biodiesel and raw glycerol can then be sold, yielding a potential profit ROI of 10.6%, and having a payback period within 18 months.