FORECASTING AND EVALUATING THE EFFECTS OF SEDIMENTATION RATES IN THE UPSTREAM CIKAPUNDUNG RIVER ON RAW WATER QUALITY

• Main Author: Paradisa, Audia
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Teknik saniter dan perkotaan; teknik perlindungan lingkungan
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/86283
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Nowadays, the challenge of providing clean water is getting tougher, especially due to the limitation of raw water sources both in quantity and quality. Weak pollution control and conservation of water resources and the environment, as well as low public awareness of water resource protection are the causes of this problem. The Cikapundung River is one of the tributaries in the Upper Citarum watershed with a length of 28 km. The upper reaches of the Cikapundung River often experiences erosion problems and also the disposal of livestock waste. These activities contribute the most to the sedimentation process which results in siltation of the riverbed and a decline in water quality. This condition can certainly interfere with the function of the Cikapundung River, especially as a raw water source for the Regional Drinking Water Company (PDAM) of Bandung City, especially at the Bantar Awi intake. This study aims to assess the impact of sedimentation in the upper Cikapundung River on water quality by comparing it to water quality standards. Analysis of sediment samples revealed that the dominant sediment characteristics are coarse sand and fine sand. A sediment transport simulation using HEC-RAS with the Toffaletti equation was conducted to predict sediment deposition rates in the Cikapundung River over 22 years, from 2000 to 2022. The simulation results indicate a total sediment input of 125,700 tons. Of this amount, 107,679 tons were deposited on the riverbed, while 18,021 tons were carried downstream. Additionally, the sediment transport simulation provided data on total suspended solids (TSS) concentrations. Generally, TSS concentrations in the Cikapundung River meet Class 1 water quality standards. The sediment concentration values from the simulation reflect natural dynamics within the river, without accounting for external waste inputs. Therefore, it can be concluded that the increase in TSS concentration in the Cikapundung River is primarily due to pollution from livestock waste. Higher TSS concentrations lead to increased water turbidity, which, in turn, raises the need for coagulants in the water treatment process.