STUDY OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF RENEWABLE ENERGY POLICY IN EFFORTS TO REDUCE GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS IN INDONESIA

• Main Author: Abdurrahman Haidar, Fikri
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/87046
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

After Paris Agreement, Indonesia has submitted their commitment of GHG emissions reduction through the NDC in 2016 and updated in 2022 through ENDC. Previously, Indonesia has expressed a similar commitment in 2011 through Presidential Regulation Number 61 Year 2011. Every time Indonesia made a new commitment, the emission level in that commitment year is always higher than the previous commitment year. On ENDC, the energy sector is the second highest emitters in 2010 and is projected to be the highest in 2030. Based on that, the energy sector should have a key role in emission reduction and increased utilization of renewable energy is one of the ways. However, until 2023, renewable energy mix still low. Actually, the plan to utilize renewable energy has been included in the 2005-2025 NLTDP and the 2006 NEP. However, when linked to the commitment, the use of renewable energy has not been able to replace fossil energy. This research aims to analyze the implementation of renewable energy policy in efforts to reduce GHG emissions. This research uses a qualitative approach by conducting narrative analysis and public policy implementation analysis. The findings of this research are the renewable energy policy has been existed since 1974 through Presidential Decree Number 16/1947 and renewable energy has been included in the 2006 NEP and the 2005-2025 NLTDP. Then, the narrative analysis of the periods of the implementation of the emission reduction commitment found that various things occurred in the implementation of renewable energy policy, such as the low achievement of the power plant development acceleration program, conflict of geothermal power plant project, the absence of the coal-fired power plants early retirement roadmap, and the elimination of the rooftop solar power plant electricity export scheme. Then, the public policy implementation analysis found that the implementation is inconsistent with its policies, the government non- compliance with the regulations, the policy create disincentives for the community, and the authority for renewable energy affairs is fragmented within the government. Finally, the renewable energy investment does not affect the GHG Emission level because the investment realization takes several years after the commitment was made, the renewable energy investment is not big enough to replace the role of fossil fuels, the selling price of renewable energy is not competitive, and the use of coal-fired power plants continues to increase.