COALITION OF ACTORS IN THE ADVOCACY PROCESS FOR THE FORMATION OF NEW AUTONOMOUS REGIONS (CASE STUDY OF REGIONAL SPLITS OF PANGANDARAN REGENCY)

• Main Author: Suherman, Diki
• Format: Dissertations
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Pertimbangan umum administrasi negara
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/87359
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Regional autonomy provides a great opportunity for regions to have autonomous rights through decentralized authority to manage their regions, which is regulated in Law No. 22 of 1999 which was updated to Law No. 9 of 2015, concerning local government, which is also the constitutional basis for the splits of new autonomous regions. The desire for splits, which is motivated by regional imbalances, results in disparities in development, accessibility, and public services that are not yet comprehensive. Empirically, some regions resulting from splits actually experience fiscal dependence (defense) from the center, large incentives to the regions are not directly proportional to local development. But besides that, there are still areas that have been successfully expanded and even succeeded with the growth of a good economic growth climate. This needs to be seen in the coalition of actors involved in the advocacy process so as to form a policy agenda that encourages the importance of several potential regions to bloom into new autonomous regions. This study aims to analyze the coalition of actors in the advocacy process for the establishment of the Pangandaran new autonomous region. The theoretical concepts challenged are local development, actors theory, Multiple Streams Framework, in describing the phenomenon of regional splits both before and after splits. The method used in this research is a qualitative dominant exploratory mixsequential, namely conducting qualitative data exploration and analysis, then using the findings in the second phase of quantitative. The results of the analysis show that the coalition of actors in the advocacy process of the formation of the new autonomous region of Pangandaran, in the stage before the splits of the Presidium actor became the dominant actor through the involvement of political parties as a liaison to the local-national elite, while after the splits of the Presidium actor did not become the dominant actor. The research contribution to planning theory found the theory of “actor evolution” in the phenomenon of regional splits and the type of cooperation from coalition toiv collaboration in the new autonomous region as a result of splits that has an impact on local development. In addition, the MSF (Multiple Streams Framework) as a public policy model developed by John Kingdon (2003), which explains three streams (problems, policies, and politics), in the study of regional splits there was an evolution of actors who were in the policy stream transforming into a political stream, This means that the existence of actors in the MSF stream is not static but dynamic, can experience shifts or changes depending on certain situations, and the faktors driving changes in the stream. The evolution of actor coalitions occurs on the basis of increasing the effectiveness of the advocacy process carried out in responding to policy dynamics, and utilizing political opportunities, with several impulses or motivations including the need to respond to regulatory changes, expand roles in the system, and build influence through coalitions. The process of actor coalition evolution through the integration of the Multiple Streams Framework (MSF) and the Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF) includes: Stage 1: Problem identification and Coalition formation; Stage 2: Solution formulation and coalition strengthening; Stage 3: Political momentum and coalition expansion; and Stage 4: Policy window and policy decisions. While Stage 5: transformation or disintegration of the coalition occurs after becoming a new autonomous region (DOB). In addition, the research found that the typology of local development of the new autonomous region of Pangandaran is Coastal and Marine Tourism Development. This development concept is carried out by utilizing coastal and marine resources, so the local development of tourism-based Pangandaran Regency reflects various strategies that can be adapted to the potential of coastal and marine resources to improve a good local growth climate.