ANALYSIS OF SEA SURFACE CHANGES BASED ON SATELLITE IMAGERY AND GEOLOGY FOR DISASTER MITIGATION IN THE COASTAL AREA OF MAKASSAR CITY
Makassar City is a lowland area where nearly 90% is composed of alluvial deposits at an elevation of 0-25 meters above sea level, with its western boundary directly adjacent to the sea. These conditions make Makassar City highly vulnerable to the impacts of ocean dynamics and coastline changes cause...
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| Format: | Theses |
| Language: | Indonesia |
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| Online Access: | https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/87482 |
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| Institution: | Institut Teknologi Bandung |
| Language: | Indonesia |
| Summary: | Makassar City is a lowland area where nearly 90% is composed of alluvial deposits at an elevation of 0-25 meters above sea level, with its western boundary directly adjacent to the sea. These conditions make Makassar City highly vulnerable to the impacts of ocean dynamics and coastline changes caused by erosion or sedimentation, posing significant threats to infrastructure and the livelihoods of its around 1,5 residents. This study aims to analyze sea-level changes that potentially cause coastal disasters in Makassar by detecting temporal variations in Sea Surface Temperature (SST), assessing the consequences of SST changes, detecting temporal coastline changes, and examining the relationship between SST changes and coastline dynamics from a geological perspective. This study utilized remote sensing technology with SST (Sea Surface Temperature) data from Aqua MODIS, Landsat 7 ETM+, and Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS. In-situ sea temperature verification was conducted using a CTD (Conductivity, Temperature, Depth) Hydrographic device, while coastline verification was performed using a GPS (Global Positioning System). Image processing was done using the SST extraction method to analyze sea surface temperature. Image processing involved SST extraction methods for analyzing sea surface temperatures, while coastline analysis used ratio band methods such as NDVI and MNDWI for coastline analysis. Based on the study of sea temperature data, the maximum of sea surface temperature per year from 2004 to 2024 increased from 28.84°C to 30.69°C, with the highest in 2024. The increasing sea temperature shows a linear relationship with the increase in sea level, so it is obtained that the rise in sea level that occurs in the research area is closely related to a significant rise in sea temperature. Changes in the coastline from 2003 to 2024 also confirmed that coastal sedimentation covered an area of 3.47 hectares of 3.47 hectares and coastal erosion of 32.89 hectares. The geological factors that play a role in coastal sedimentation are sedimentation from sediment material carried by the Jeneberang River and other small rivers. In contrast, coastal erosion is caused by wave erosion of coastal sediment material composed of alluvium deposits. |
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