THE EFFECT OF 2,3,5-TRIIODOBENZOIC ACID (TIBA) ON GROWTH OF GYNOPHOREA AND DEVELOPMENT OF FRUIT OF PEANUT (Arachis hypogaea L.Merr) var. Rusa

• Main Author: (NIM 20698510), Sulistiono
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/9388
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

ABSTRACT: <br /> <br /> <br /> The growth and development of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L. Merr) is naturally occurred underground. Therefore, development of fruit, seed and embryo is depended on the rate of gynophores entering the soil. Fruits from the fourth node or above usually cannot reach the maturity, because they are still above or just entering the soil during the harvest time. One of the factors controlling gynophore growth is auxin, which is produced by fruit and seed on the tip of gynophore. The experiment was carried out to examine the effects of 2,3,5-Triiodobenzoic Acid (TIBA), as an auxin transport inhibitor, on the growth of gynophore and fruit development of peanut var. Rusa. Several concentrations of TIBA, i.e 25, 50, 75, 100 and 125 (myu)M, were applied on the fourth node of gynophore at 4 and 6 days after anthesis using cupping method. The measured parameters were the rate of gynophore elongation, fruit length and diameter, seed length and diameter, and embryo developmental stage. The highest average rate of gynophore elongation (0.924 approximately 0.007 cm/day) were obtained from treatment using 50 (myu)M TIBA, which was apllied on gynophore 6 days after anthesis. Gynophores which were treated by 50 (myu)M TIBA at 4 and 6 days after anthesis increased fruit length (703.18% and 662.42% respectively) fruit diameter (412.75 % and 414.56 %, respectively), seed length (1,708.09% and 1,883.97%, respectively) and seed diameter (1,086.13% and 1,044.44%, respectively). The late cotyledonary stage was obtained from the treated plant using 50 (myu)M TIBA at 4 and 6 days after anthesis, whereas the embryo in the control plant was still in proembryonic stage (between 6-8 cell). From this research, it could be concluded that 50 (myu)M TIBA which was applied on gynophore at the fourth node at 4 and 6 days after anthesis could accelerate the gynophore growth entering the soil. Therefore, the fruit, seed and embryo were rapidly developed.