MORFOLOGI PERKEMBANGAN PADA BUNGA BETINA DAN BUAH SALACCA EDULIS REINWARDT

• Main Author: Muhammadiah, Asia
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/968
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

An investigation on the development morphology of the pistillate flower of Salacca edulis Reinwardt was carried out to understand the developmental events that occur during the development of the pistillate flower and fruit. Flower development was followed from the time the pistillate in florescence emerged through a cleft in the leaf sheath of the subtending leaf and fruit development was followed until maturation. For anatomical observation various stages of development of the pistillate flower and fruit were fixed in Craf II, dehydrated with Tertiery Butyl Alkohol series,infiltrated and embedded in paraffin Serial sections of the material were made at 6 - 10 /um thick with a rotary microtome and stained with Safranin Fast-green. Results showed that the pistillate flower consists of three sepals, three petals, six stamens and a syncarp gynoecium. The ovarium is three locular,with each loculus containing one anatropous, bitegmic and crassinucelate ovulum.Puring development each funikulus is turned almost 1`,O° so that the micropyle is facing the center of the gynoecium. The style is short and the stigma produces an exudate a short time before the flower opens. At megasporogenesis which results in a linear tetrad,the nucellar tissue starts to degenerate. The embryosac is of the Polygonum type and develops into a megagametophyte containing eight nuclei. ,A.fter fertilization the zygoteinto an embryo and the primary endosperm nucleus develops into the endosperm. The endosperm is nuclear at the begin ping, but becomes cellular later. The fleshy part of the fruit is a sarcotesta produced by proliferation of the ovular epidermis. The membraneous tissue covering the ovule is produced by the locular epidermis. The outer epidermis of the ovarium develops into scales causing the fruit skin to be scaly. Fruit growth follows a sigmoid pattern. From the structure of the pollen and results of an experiment to prevent pollination by outside agents it can be concluded that no autogamy occurs.