KOMUNITAS-KOMUNITAS ALGA PERIFITON DI SUNGAI CIKARANGGEIAM, CIKAMPEK-JAWA BARAT, SEBAGAI TEMPAT PEMBUANGAN LIMBAH CAIR

• Main Author: Arfiati, Diana
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Ilmu hayati ; Biologi
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/979
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

The periphytic algae communities of the River Cikaranggelam, which is used for the disposalof waste effluents from a urea manufacturing plant, were studied at four different sites. The latter were, namely, an upstream site of the river prior to the entry of the discharge ( Station I), a site opposite to the entry of the discharge ( Station II), and to other sites of the river, respectively, 5 km (Station III) and 9.5 km down stream away from the site of the entry of the waste discharge ( Station IV). The periphytic algae communities were obtained by installing 0.5 cm diameter plastic ropes in the water column vertically down from the water surface to the bottom of the river, which were exposed for two, four and six weeks. From the four stations a total of four taxa of Cyanophyta, nine taxa of Chiorophyta and 11 taxa of Chrysophyta were obtained. Oscillatoria, Diatoma, Navicula and Nitaschia were always found ubiquitous taxa. After the three exposure periods Chlorella appeared to be highly predominant at Station III and predominant at Station IV. Of the 11 taxa of Chrysophyta all were consistently found at Station I. After two weeks exposure Oscillatoria was highly predominant at Station I and II and predominant at Station III and IV. After four weeksexposure Oscillatoria, Dactyloccocopsis and Ulothrix were predominant at Station I, Anabaena and Cylindrospermum were predominant at Station II_ and IV, whereas Ulothrix was predominant at Station II. After six weeks exposure Dactyloccocopsis was predominant and Ulothrix was highly predominant at Station I Anabaena, Cylindrospermum and Oscillatoria were predominant at Station II, Oscillatoria was also predominant at Station III, whereas Cylindrospermum was predominant at Station IV. The Shannon - Wiener diversity index (H ) of the periphytic algae communities varied between 0.55 (Station III, four weeks exposure) and 1.59 (Station II, six weeks exposure). The effects of the waste effluent from the urea manufacturing plant on the periphytic algae communities were observed at Station III, however, a recovery had occured at Station IV. Based on the similarity coefficient of Bray - Curtis (S), after two weeks similar communities (S = 76.0 - 90.2 %) were found at Station I, II and IV. The communities at Station I and II were each different from the one at Station III (S = 57.7 % and S = 70.4 %). However, Station III and IV had similar communities (S = 79.6 %). After four weeks Station I and IV were occupied by similar communities (S = 87.7 %), and the same held true for the communities which occupied Station II and IV (S = 85.3 %). After six weeks of exposure, Station II, III and IV were occupied by communities which were similar toone another (S = 84.4 - 94.1 %), all of which differed from the community found at Station I (S = 29.6 - 38.5 %). The physico - chemical features of the water, namely, current velocity, water temperature, conductivity, pH, SOD, dissolved oxygen, NH4, NO2- and NO3- concentrations were also discussed.