Aliran Darah Papil Saraf Optik pada Glaukoma

• Main Authors: Miftakhur Rohmadi, Nurwasis
• Format: Article PeerReviewed
• Language: English; English; English
• Published: Bag./SMF Penyakit Mata FK UNAIR 2007
• Subjects: R Medicine (General); RE Ophthalmology
• Online Access: http://repository.unair.ac.id/104172/1/Aliran%20Darah%20Papil%20Saraf%20Optik%20Pada%20Glaukoma_compressed.pdf; http://repository.unair.ac.id/104172/2/Aliran%20darah%20Papil.pdf; http://repository.unair.ac.id/104172/3/Aliran%20Darah%20Papil%20Saraf%20Optik%20Pada%20Glaukoma_compressed.pdf; http://repository.unair.ac.id/104172/
• Institution: Universitas Airlangga

The intraorbital optic nerve, retina and choroid receive their blood supply through branches of ophthalmic artery, that are posterior ciliary artery, central retinal artery and pial plexus. The main blood supply to the optic nerve head is through the short posterior ciliary arteries via the pial plexus, so called circle of Zinnhaller. Anatomically, optic nerve head can be divided into four layers. Superficial nerve fiber layer is vacularized by small branches of recurrent central retinal aretry. Prelamina and lamina region is vascularized through short posterior ciliary arteries and branches of circle of ZinHaller. Retrolamina region is supplied through intraneural centrifugal branches of central retinal artery and centipetal from pial plexus. Sympatic nerve stimulation increase cardiac output by increasing heart rate and contraction of vessel. Local control of blood flow through autoregulation keeps local perfusion constant or adapted to the local metabolic needs. Endothelial cells release vasoactive substance: Endothelial Derived Relaxing Factors (EDRF) and Endothelial Derived Constricting Factors (EDCF). Optic nerve head blood flow depend on three paramaters that are resistance of blood flow, blood pressure and intra ocular pressure. There is conversely relationship between intraocular pressure and persfusion pressure in the optic nerve head. Same methods are used to measure ocular blood flow direct or indirect pulsatile ocular blood flow, angiography laser doppler technique, retinal vessel analyzer, color doppler imaging, and peripheral blood flow with nailfold capilary microscope.