DINAMIKA TIPE PERTUMBUHAN (GROWTH TYPE) ENAM GENOTIPE WIJEN

• Main Authors: , FIRMANSYAH, , Dr.Ir. Taryono, M.Sc.
• Format: Theses and Dissertations NonPeerReviewed
• Published: [Yogyakarta] : Universitas Gadjah Mada 2013
• Subjects: ETD
• Online Access: https://repository.ugm.ac.id/123348/; http://etd.ugm.ac.id/index.php?mod=penelitian_detail&sub=PenelitianDetail&act=view&typ=html&buku_id=63459
• Institution: Universitas Gadjah Mada

Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is one of the important vegetable oil crops in the world because it is useful for human health. In general, sesame is still considered low yielding and narrow adaptability. Local sesame cultivars have indeterminate growth type causing the heterogenous harvesting time. Early harvest will produce low quality seeds, while the late harvest will reduce grain yield due to pod shatter. Therefore, the development of sesame cultivation is currently focused on the determinate growth type which remained stable in various environmental conditions and high yield. This study aimed to examine the dynamics growth types of sesame, knowing the morphologycal characteristic stability of each genotypes and to select biochemically sesame genotypes tolerance to various combinations of salinity and high temperature treatment, lasting to provide an overview of germplasm that can be use as a breeding parents for developing better new cultivars. This study uses a factorial completely randomized design with three replications. The first factor is genotype of sesame, two types of determinate growth type genotypes from turkey, i.e. III Det 23, III Det 36 and four indeterminate growth types genotypes from Indonesia, i.e. Sbr 3, Sbr 4, black local and white local. The second factor is four environmental conditions that combine stress temperature and concentrations of NaCl. The results showed that between environmental combination of normal temperature (average 31OC) and salinity stress shorters vegetative phase, otherwise the high temperature of 45OC causes longer vegetative phase. Salinity stress changes the growth type of black local genotype to determinate one. The tolerance genotypes tend to have a shorter vegetative phase (determinate growth type) followed by an increase in protein content and proline. Genotype III det 23 with determinate growth type has a high yield and stable on the number of pods and weight of 1000 seeds.