PRARANCANGAN PABRIK XYLIDINE DARI NITROXYLENE DENGAN PROSES HIDROGENASI KAPASITAS 10.000 TON/TAHUN

• Main Authors: , RAMANDHA PRASETYA ADIBRATA, , Ir. Imam Prasetyo, M.Eng., Ph.D.
• Format: Theses and Dissertations NonPeerReviewed
• Published: [Yogyakarta] : Universitas Gadjah Mada 2013
• Subjects: ETD
• Online Access: https://repository.ugm.ac.id/124072/; http://etd.ugm.ac.id/index.php?mod=penelitian_detail&sub=PenelitianDetail&act=view&typ=html&buku_id=64191
• Institution: Universitas Gadjah Mada

Xylidine plant from nitroxylene and hydrogen with capacity 10,000 tons/year is designed to meet the demand of domestic xylidine and also international demand especially in Southeast Asia. The needs of xylidine in 2018 will be around 1,300 ton/year,and it will getting higher each year, and reach about 2,602.85 tons/year in 2028. The plant will be operated for 330 days/year. Xylidine product is in liquid phase and its purity is 99%. The raw materials used are 14,175.3942 tons/year nitroxylene and 744.5898 tons/year hydrogen. Based on the operating conditions, the selection of raw materials used, and the type of product produced, the plant is classified as medium-risk plants. The process of making xylidine from nitroxylene and hydrogen consists of three main processes, the first is the preparation of raw materials, the second is synthesis process, and the third is purification process of reaction products. In the first process, the raw materials operating condition is adjusted at temperature 60�C and pressure 10 bar. In the synthesis process, the reaction between nitroxylene and hydrogen is very exothermal using continuous stirred tank reactor with sparger and cooling coil. This reaction needs palladium on charcoal as a catalyst for 176.93 kg/year. The enthalpy of reaction is -488 kJoule/mol of nitroxylene reacted. The resulting products are xylidine and water. In purification process, water will be separated from other organic compounds using decanter and it will flow to waste water treatment unit. The last purification process is purifying the main product, xylidine, using distillation column. The yield on distillation such as xylidine 10,000 tons/year with 99% purities. The plant will be located in Tuban, East Java with a land area of 4,5 hectares because in Tuban, there are PT. Petrokimia Tuban and PT. Samator Tuban as a supplier of hydrogen, and also the plant is located near the port to make export and import activities easier. The plant will employ 231 employees. To support this process, the utility takes steam as much as 25,924.24 kg/hour, cooling water 28,986.32 kg/hour, 533.80 kVA electrical needs, and compressed air as much as 100 m 3 /hour. Fixed capital required amounted to US$ 7,622,910.39 + Rp 64,083,702,722.89 and working capital US$ 19,852,753.46 + Rp 11,173,132,807.53. Profit before tax is Rp 40,831,662,478.21 and profit after tax is Rp 20,415,831,239.11. From the results of calculations, the Return on Investment (ROI) before taxes is 29.44%, and 14.72% after tax. Pay Out Time (POT) before taxes is 2.54 years, 4.05 years after tax. Break Even Point is 56.65% capacity, Shut Down Point is 37.45% and Discounted Cash Flow Rate Of Return is 19.7821%. From the results of the feasibility study plants through economic evaluations that have been done on xylidine from nitroxylene and hydrogen with a production capacity of 10,000 tons / year, it can be concluded that the plant deserves to be studied further.