PREPARASI DAN KARAKTERISASI KATALIS NaOH/γ-ALUMINA DAN Na2CO3/γ-ALUMINA UNTUK TRANSESTERIFIKASI MINYAK JARAK (Ricinus communis) MENJADI BIODIESEL

• Main Authors: , Farida Noor Arifah, , Prof. Dra. Wega Trisunaryanti, M.S., Ph.D.Eng.
• Format: Theses and Dissertations NonPeerReviewed
• Published: [Yogyakarta] : Universitas Gadjah Mada 2014
• Subjects: ETD
• Online Access: https://repository.ugm.ac.id/128713/; http://etd.ugm.ac.id/index.php?mod=penelitian_detail&sub=PenelitianDetail&act=view&typ=html&buku_id=69079
• Institution: Universitas Gadjah Mada

Preparation and characterization of NaOH/γ-alumina and Na2CO3/γ-alumina catalysts for transesterification of castor oil (Ricinus communis) into biodiesel have been studied. The NaOH/γ-alumina and Na2CO3/γ-alumina catalysts were prepared by wet impregnation with weight ratio of loaded compound:support about 1:5. The characterization of catalysts consisted of determination of crystal structure and spesies on the catalyst by using XRD, functional group with FT-IR, basicity with Hammett titration method and specific surface area, total pore volume and average pore radius by nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm. The catalyst activity test for transesterification of castor oil was carried out in a batch system of reactor at a temperature of 60 °C for 120 min. The conversion was calculated from multiplication of weight product and percentage of methyl ester peak area, resulted from GC-MS analysis, divided to weight of oil. The catalyst with higher conversion was choosen for further variation of catalyst amount (1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 wt% based on oil) and reaction time (60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 min) to obtain the optimal condition for biodiesel production. The yield that was produced from the optimum condition was analyzed using ASTM (American Standard of Testing Materials) The result of characterization showed that the impregnation of NaOH and Na2CO3 have formed a new crystal phase, increased the basicity and average pore radius but decreased specific surface area and total pore volume of γ-alumina. The catalyst that produced higher conversion of biodiesel at a temperature of 60 °C, catalyst amount of 3 wt % for 120 min (86.12 wt%) was NaOH/γ-alumina. Based on GC-MS analysis, known that the biodiesel has been dominated by methyl ricinoleate. The highest conversion of biodiesel as high as 90.88 wt% was produced by NaOH/γ-alumina catalyst under the reaction with catalyst amount of 3 wt % and reaction time 150 min. Based on the ASTM data, the biodiesel wasn�t qualified yet as a automotive diesel fuel.