Kimia Minyak Sereh= The Chemistry of Citronella Oil

• Main Author: Perpustakaan UGM, i-lib
• Format: Article NonPeerReviewed
• Published: [Yogyakarta] : Universitas Gadjah Mada 1994
• Subjects: Jurnal i-lib UGM
• Online Access: https://repository.ugm.ac.id/23390/; http://i-lib.ugm.ac.id/jurnal/download.php?dataId=6337
• Institution: Universitas Gadjah Mada

INTISARI Telah diidentifikasi sebelas komponen penyusun dalam minyak sereh dengan menggunakan GC-MS yaitu alfapinen, Limonen, Linalool, Sintronelal, Sintronelol, Geraniol, Sintronelil asetat, beta-Kariofilen, Genaril asetat, delta-Kadinen, dan Elemol. Isolasi sintronelal dilakukan baik secara fisika, distilasi fraksinasi dengan pengurangan tekanan maupun secara kimia dengan natrium bisulfit. Sin tronelal kemudian dikonversi tnenjadi isopulegol, sintronelol dan Hidroksi sintronelál (King of perfume). Rhodinol ( campuran antara sintronelol dan geraniol ) dipero/eh dengan cara distilasi fraksinasi dengan pengurangan tekanan setelah sintronelal diisolasi. Pseudo ionon diperoleh dengan mereaksikan Rhodinol dengan aseton dan aluminium isoproksida sebagai katalisator. Bila 1 mol pseudoionon direaksikan dengan 11 mot II3PO4 85% pada suhu 18,5 °C selama 60 menit, diperoleh 82 % alfa-ionon dan 15% beta-ionon. Sembilan puluh empat persen beta-ionon dan 2,0 % alfa-ionon diperoleh bila satu mol pseudoionon dan 6 mot 1-12504 95-97 % direaksikan pada suhu 17 °C dalam waktu yang sangat singkat. Namun bila satu mol pseudoionon dan 4 mol H2SO4 60 To direaksikan pada suhu 40 °C selama 10 menit atau satu mol pseudoionon dengan 4 mol H3PO4 85 % pada suhu 40 °C selama 2 jam, diperoleh senyawa baru. Identifikasi alfa-, beta-ionon dan senyawa baru dilakukan dengan GC-MS. ABSTRACT Eleven components of Citronella oil have been identified by means of GC-MS. These components are : s�pinene, limonene, linalool, citronellol, geraniol, citronellyl acetate, p�caryophyllene, geranyl acetate, 5�cadinene, and demo!. Isolation of citronellal can be done either by 'a fractional distillation under pressure or by a reaction with sodium bisulfite. Citronella! was then converted into isopulegol, citronellol, and hydroxycitronellal (King of perfume ). Rhodinol ( mixture of citronellol and geraniol ) was obtained by a fractional distillation under pressure after citronella/ was isolated. Pseudoionone was obtained by refluxing Rhodinol with acetone in the presence of aluminium isopropoxid as a catalyst. When one mole of pseudoionone was reacted with 11 moles of 85 % H3PO4 at 185 % °C for 60 minutes. 82 % of a�ionone and 15 % of /3�ionone were produced. 94 % of fiionone and 2,0 % of a�ionone were obtained when one mole of pseudoionone and 6 moles of 95 � 7 % of H2SO4 were reacted at 17 °C in a short time. When one mole of pseudoionone and 4 moles of 60 % of H2SO4 were reacted at 40 °C for 10 minutes, or with 4 moles of 85 % of H3PO4 at 40 °C for 2 hours, a new product was formed. Identification of a�, fit�ionone, and new compounds were performed by means of GC-MS.