THE PROFILE OF LOCAL SHEEP IN JAVA ISLAND BASED ON PHENOTYPIC AND GENETIC CHARACTERISTICS AND THEIR ROLE IN THE COMMUNITY

• Main Author: Ibrahim, Alek
• Format: Theses and Dissertations NonPeerReviewed
• Language: English; English
• Published: 2022
• Subjects: Genetics; Animal Production; Veterinary Anatomy and Physiology; Biological Sciences; Veterinary Sciences; Zoology
• Online Access: https://repository.ugm.ac.id/277237/1/S3-2021-436441-title.pdf; https://repository.ugm.ac.id/277237/7/Summary_THE%20PROFILE%20OF%20LOCAL%20SHEEP%20IN%20JAVA%20ISLAND%20BASED%20ON%20PHENOTYPIC%20AND%20GENETIC%20CHARACTERISTICS%20AND%20THEIR%20ROLE%20IN%20THE%20COMMUNITY.pdf; https://repository.ugm.ac.id/277237/; http://etd.repository.ugm.ac.id/penelitian/detail/199657
• Institution: Universitas Gadjah Mada

Indonesian local sheep is one of the local livestock with an original geographical distribution in Indonesia's territory and has been cultivated for generations. This study was conducted to examine the profile of local sheep in Java Island based on phenotypic and genetic characteristics and their role in the community. The study was conducted from June 2018 – March 2021. The main materials used are Priangan, Garut, Batur, Wonosobo, Javanese Thin-Tailed (JTT), Javanese Fat-Tailed (JFT), and Sapudi sheep, as well as farmers and business actors of sheep in Indramayu, Garut, Banjarnegara, Wonosobo, Sleman, Bantul, Pasuruan, and Jember Regency. The study of phenotypic characteristics was carried out by observing the sheep's exterior characters and body measurements. The study of genetic characteristics was carried out by tracing the DNA profile based on the Cyt b, D-loop, SRY, and SRYM18 microsatellite sequences. The study of the role of sheep in the community was carried out by examining the role of sheep during the Eid al-Adha period and livestock contests. The data of the exterior body characteristics were analyzed by descriptive analysis, multiple correspondence analysis, and hierarchical cluster analysis. Quantitative body measurement data were analyzed by descriptive analysis, comparative analysis, and discriminant analysis. Cyt b, D-loop, SRY, and SRYM18 sequences were analyzed for genetic diversity, genetic distance, and relationship through phylogenetic trees. Data on the role of sheep in the community were analyzed by qualitative and quantitative descriptive analysis. This study shows that phenotypically, there is a close relationship between JFT and Sapudi sheep also between Batur and Wonosobo sheep. In contrast, Garut sheep have a distant relationship with other sheep breeds. Maternally, Garut and Priangan sheep mainly were divided into haplogroup A while the other sheep belonged to haplogroup B. Paternally, there were two variations of SRY SNP (g.88 A>G) and SRYM18 allele (143 and 145 bp), the combination of the two resulted in three haplotypes, namely haplotype 4 (37.77%), 5 (26.67%), and 6 (62.22%). The Batur and Wonosobo sheep are genetically close to the European/Australian-type sheep, the Garut and Priangan sheep to the Asian-type sheep, and the JTT, JFT, and Sapudi sheep are close to the Central Asian/African-type sheep. Still, there are no unique characters to distinguish the seven breeds of the local sheep. Sheep have a role in the community lives on Java Island based on the socio-economic, cultural, and religion. It concluded that the seven local sheep breeds in Java Island had a close relationship. Can use phenotypic characteristics to classify local sheep breeds and can use genetic characteristics to trace their origin. Furthermore, sheep and their characteristics have a vital role in the community.