HUBUNGAN ANTARA KEBIASAAN MEROKOK DENGAN PENEBALAN LAPISAN INTIMA-MEDIA ARTERI KAROTIS KOMUNIS PADA PEMERIKSAAN ULTRASONOGRAFI
The disease is caused by various risk factors both internal and external factors, such as smoking, hypertension, disiplidemia, diabetes mellitus, obesity, old age and family history is cardiovascular disease. The increasing intima-media thickness (intima-media Thickness = IMT) of carotid arteries ma...
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| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Theses and Dissertations NonPeerReviewed |
| Published: |
[Yogyakarta] : Universitas Gadjah Mada
2011
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://repository.ugm.ac.id/89700/ http://etd.ugm.ac.id/index.php?mod=penelitian_detail&sub=PenelitianDetail&act=view&typ=html&buku_id=51878 |
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| Institution: | Universitas Gadjah Mada |
| Summary: | The disease is caused by various risk factors both internal and external factors,
such as smoking, hypertension, disiplidemia, diabetes mellitus, obesity, old age and
family history is cardiovascular disease. The increasing intima-media thickness
(intima-media Thickness = IMT) of carotid arteries may be related with hypertrophy
of the tunica intima or tunica media, or both, and may be an adaptive response of
changes in flow, wall tension, or lumen diameter. Smoking can harm human health,
one of the effect of smoking is the common carotid artery wall thickening as an early
sign of atherosclerosis which is a major cause of cardiovascular disease, smoking also
cause other diseases which are not examined in this study. This research will focus on
relationship between smoking habit with layer intima-media thickening (intimamedia
thickness) in the carotid artery that were examined with ultrasound imaging.
Objectives of this research are to know and analyze the relationship between smoking
habits with a layer of intima-media thickening of carotid arteries on ultrasound
examination.
This research was an observational study with cross sectional analytic.
Subjects of this research were male, smokers over 10 years and non-smokers, the
subjects then measured intima-media thickness in carotid artery. The analysis used is
Pearson correlation and independent samples test (t-test). Multivariate analysis
performed using linear regression. The results showed age, diastolic and Fasting
Blood Glucose (FBG) has a significant positive relationship (p<0.05) of right intimamedia
thickness. In the variables age, systolic, diastolic and FBG have posisitf
significant relationship (p<0.05) with left intima-media thickness. There are
significance different layers of intima-media thickness in the sample group of
smokers and nonsmokers (p <0.05), either the right or left. Intima-media thickness in
the group of smokers had higher scores than non-smokers group. In multivariate
analysis illustrates that the magnitude of right intima-media thickness significantly
affected (p<0.05) by age, systolic, and smoking status, while the left intima-media
thickness significantly affected (p<0.05) by age and smoking status.
There are significant differences between two groups: smokers non smokers
in intima-media thickness measured by carotid artery ultrasonogafi. There are
positive and significant relationship between smoking habits with a layer of intimamedia
thickening of carotid arteries measured by ultrasonography. |
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