Effect of Probiotic Lactobacillus Strains on Phagocytic Activity of Murine Macrophage Cells Infected by Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans
Periodontal diseases are prevalent inflammatory diseases affecting the periodontium stimulated by an oral pathogen, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Recently, there is an increasing interest in utilizing probiotic as a bacteriotherapy treatment for oral diseases. Macrophages are innate immun...
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Main Authors: | , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Penerbit Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin
2020
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Online Access: | http://eprints.unisza.edu.my/7517/1/FH02-FSK-20-49184.pdf http://eprints.unisza.edu.my/7517/ |
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Institution: | Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin |
Language: | English |
Summary: | Periodontal diseases are prevalent inflammatory diseases affecting the periodontium stimulated by an oral
pathogen, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Recently, there is an increasing interest in utilizing probiotic
as a bacteriotherapy treatment for oral diseases. Macrophages are innate immune cells that perform phagocytosis
and synthesis various cytokines when they encounter foreign particles. The aim study is to determine the
immunomodulation capacity of heat-killed probiotic Lactobacillus casei subsp. rhamnosus NBRC 3831 and L.
casei NBRC 15883 on the activation of RAW 264.7 murine macrophages in phagocytic activity and cytokines
secretion to counteract A. actinomycetemcomitans strain infection. In this study, we analyzed the effects of heatkilled L. casei subsp. rhamnosus NBRC 3831, and L. casei NBRC 15883 on the innate immune response. The
activity was evaluated based on the viability of macrophages, cytokines secretion, and macrophages' phagocytic
action. The introduction of probiotic lactobacilli significantly induced the phagocytic activity of macrophages as
compared to A. actinomycetemcomitans strains Y4 and ATCC 29524. Whereby L. casei NBRC 15883 showed the
highest (p < 0.01) phagocytic activity compared to other groups. Besides, there was lower macrophage death
when co-incubated with two tested lactobacilli strains, which indicated that lactic acid bacteria had the potential
to trigger macrophages proliferation. Interestingly, the number of viable macrophages that pre-activated by
probiotic before the addition of A. actinomycetemcomitans was higher than the untreated group. Moreover,
Lactobacillus sp. was found to promote and modulate the pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8) by
murine macrophages against A. actinomycetemcomitans infection after 24 and 48 h incubation in a strain and
dose-specific pattern. In conclusion, probiotic Lactobacillus induce the phagocytosis activity, macrophage cell
proliferation, and the release of IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 cytokines to modulate the immune response. These findings
might provide crucial information on the efficacy of probiotic Lactobacillus in developing a promising candidate
against A. actinomycetemcomitans infections. |
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