Dye Removal Employing Coagulation and Flocculation

• Main Author: Nor Adilla binti Rashidi, Nor Adilla
• Format: Final Year Project
• Language: English
• Published: Universiti Teknologi Petronas 2010
• Subjects: TP Chemical technology
• Online Access: http://utpedia.utp.edu.my/1326/1/NOR_ADILLA_RASHIDI_9063.pdf; http://utpedia.utp.edu.my/1326/
• Institution: Universiti Teknologi Petronas

Currently, effluents which have been generated by the textile industry are one of the major issues that contribute to the water pollution problems. This is probably due to the fact that, this type of industry consumes high amount of process water and chemicals and therefore, produces high volume of highly polluted discharged water. Due to its dreadful impacts towards the environment and living organism, lots of researches have been carried out to treat these effluents. Presently, various methods have been established by the experts such as the biological, chemical and physical treatment. Associated with that, coagulation and flocculation which is one of the physical-chemical techniques are widely employed to treat those wastewaters. While implementing this method, the major concerns are on how to make the process efficient in terms of economic and residual water quality and at the same time, to improve the produced sludge (in terms of quantity and size characteristics) so that it will be easily treated or disposed later on. Besides, the coagulation and flocculation method was tested for Eriochrome Black T synthetic wastewater. The experiments had been carried out by varying few parameters, which were concentration of coagulant (aluminium sulphate), pH, temperature and effect of coagulation aids (bentonite and kaolin clay). Due to that, series of jar tests and shaking water bath had been carried out with 2 minutes mixing time at 200 rpm, followed by 30 minutes mixing time at 30 rpm and 1 hour of sedimentation process. Afterwards, the supernatant liquid was evaluated in terms of pH, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and turbidity. Throughout the experiments, the optimum condition for the process was at 250 ppm of alum, pH 7 at operating temperature, 30oC and bentonite concentration was at 750 ppm.