Ethical considerations in medical research and scientific advancements

• Main Authors: Mohamed Saifulaman, Muhammad Faiq Najwan, Othman, Rashidi, Ramya, Razanah, Abu Bakar, Ainaa Eliah
• Format: Book Chapter
• Language: English
• Published: Nova Science Publishers, Inc. 2024
• Subjects: BPC Science and Technology in Islam; BPG113 Environmental ethics/responsibility. Sustainable living.; Q128 Islam and Science; R Medicine (General); TP248.13 Biotechnology
• Online Access: http://irep.iium.edu.my/114804/1/114804_Ethical%20considerations%20in%20medical%20research.pdf; http://irep.iium.edu.my/114804/; https://novapublishers.com/shop/the-impacts-of-islamic-civilization-on-scientific-discoveries-and-social-progress/
• Institution: Universiti Islam Antarabangsa Malaysia

Knowledge and its practices were rarely understood or well-defined during ancient Greece. Any sort of actual education in medicine was lacking during the early centuries of Greece and Rome, so simply anyone could declare themselves a medical practitioner and open a clinic without actual knowledge or experience. As Greek culture began advancing, new understandings, mindsets, and philosophies were developed. Subsequently, with the arrival of Hippocrates, advancements in medicine ensued, and the religious and superstitious medical practices of relying on the gods were becoming scarce. Many say that the Greek civilization was one of the first to start and contribute to the formation of the civilized and empirical knowledge that is current in the modern world. Although that understanding is fundamentally true, in actuality, the Islamic civilization was the most mighty civilization that stood at the forefront of all branches of science and technology, including mathematics, astronomy, medicine, technology, and many others, and without which the advancement of civilization would have been significantly impaired.Muslim scholars were the ones responsible for the addition of new fields of medical knowledge and practice, such as health education, surgical medicine, pharmacology, differential diagnosis, medical ethics, and many others. From there, original contributions by the most well-known and revered Muslim scholars in the field of medicine - such as Ibn Rushd and Ibn Sina - started to flourish and spread widely throughout that era.