Genetic changes in oral cancer & premalignancy

• Main Author: Ichwan, Solachuddin J. A.
• Format: Conference or Workshop Item
• Language: English
• Published: 2020
• Subjects: RB Pathology; RK318 Oral and Dental Medicine. Pathology. Diseases-Therapeutics-General Works
• Online Access: http://irep.iium.edu.my/85613/7/85613%20Genetic%20Changes%20Oral%20Cancer%202020.pdf; http://irep.iium.edu.my/85613/
• Institution: Universiti Islam Antarabangsa Malaysia

Cancer is a multifactorial disease characterized by uncontrolled growth and spreads of cells to the distant sites in any part of the body. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most frequently occurring oral cancer which can results in major mortality and morbidity due to its poor prognosis. Cancer including OSCC is a multi-step disease, the development of which requires multiple genetic changes leading to abnormal proliferation of a single cell. OSCC is occasionally preceded by the presence of clinically identifiable premalignant changes of the oral mucosa and genetic alterations are often detected from the lesions. This topic will provide a general review of genetic changes in OSCC. Different types of mutated genes that contribute to OSCC development and progression will be discussed. The lecture will help the participant to obtain an overall understanding of oral cancer genetics that will be useful for diagnosis and management of OSCC. Learning Outcomes Upon completion of this lecture, participants will be able to: 1. Understand multi-step process of cancer development. 2. Understand “Loss of Heterozygosity” as a common genetic event in cancer development. 3. Identify genes such as proto-oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes that are frequently altered in OSCC. 4. Distinguish the types of genetic changes between proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes as well as their roles in carcinogenesis in OSCC. 5. Have an insight how the cancer genetics knowledge is applied for diagnosis and management of oral premalignancies/cancer.