Prevalence of developmental dental anomalies and defects: a clinical survey

• Main Authors: Kashmola, Muhanad Ali Hamdon, Mustafa, Nazih Shaban, Mohd Noor, Syaza, Rozaimee, Ramizah, Addul Ameer, Firas
• Format: Article
• Language: English; English; English
• Published: Ektodermal Displazi Grubu 2021
• Subjects: RK318 Oral and Dental Medicine. Pathology. Diseases-Therapeutics-General Works
• Online Access: http://irep.iium.edu.my/89185/18/89185_Table%20of%20Contents.pdf; http://irep.iium.edu.my/89185/19/89185_Prevalence%20of%20developmental%20dental%20anomalies%20and%20defects.pdf; http://irep.iium.edu.my/89185/30/89185_Prevalence%20of%20developmental%20dental%20anomalies%20and%20defects_scopus.pdf; http://irep.iium.edu.my/89185/; http://www.jidmr.com/journal/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/42-C-D18_790_Nazih_Shaaban_Mustafa_Malaysia.pdf
• Institution: Universiti Islam Antarabangsa Malaysia

Developmental dental defect can be defined as alteration of teeth from normal in term of number, size, shape and structure. Therefore, knowing the prevalence of developmental dental defect among population may assist in further management of oral health problem. The aim of this study was to explore the developmental dental defect in Malaysian patients in general and particularly among those who were attending at IIUM dental clinic. A cross-sectional descriptive and analytical study was carried with face-face interview, clinical examination and panoramic radiographic examination by Planmeca digital x-ray with Romexis software among 100 patients who were selected by inclusion and exclusion criteria from total 2300 patient attending IIUM dental clinic. All types of dental anomalies regarding number, size, shape and structure were recorded and analyzed by different races (Malay, Chinese, Indian) of Malaysian by chi square test. The most common types of dental anomalies encountered were cusp of carebelli (55%), dilacerations (54%), microdontia (38 %) and hypercementosis (38 %). There were no significant differences, (p> 0.05) regarding the types of developmental dental defect ; number(hypodontia, hyperdontia), size (microdontia, macrodontia), shape (fusion, dens evaginatus, cusp of carebelli, taurodontism, ectopic enamel, dilacerations, supernumerary roots, hypercementosis),and structure among different Malaysian races. Other uncommon types of dental anomalies found in the study were dens evaginatus (24%), ectopic enamel (20%), discoloration (20%), hypodontia (19%), supernumerary roots (13%), hyperdontia (11%), taurodontism (11%), macrodontia (7%), cocresence (2%), fusion (1%) and dens invaginatus (1%). There were also no significant differences (p>0.0.5) regarding the uncommon types of dental defects among races in Malaysia. In conclusion, cusp of carabelli, dilaceration, microdontia and hypercementosis were the major common dental anomalies in comparison to other type of anomalies. Majority of Malays, Chinese and Indians were observed to have cusp of carabelli and dilacerations.