Case study of defragmentation of city scale’s greenhouse gas emission in Melaka

The defragmentation of multiple sources of greenhouse gas emissions would allow for more effective climate action at the local level. The adoption of a Global Protocol for Community-Scale (GPC) framework will assist in determining the source of greenhouse gas emissions in Malacca based on inventory...

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Main Authors: Zen, Irina Safitri, Mohammad, Hafizam Mustafa, Al Madhoun, Wesam, Asmawi, M. Zainora, Almulhim, Abdulaziz I.
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Universiti Malaysia Terengganu 2022
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Online Access:http://irep.iium.edu.my/99250/2/99250_Case%20study%20of%20defragmentation%20of%20city%20scale%E2%80%99s%20greenhouse.pdf
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Institution: Universiti Islam Antarabangsa Malaysia
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spelling my.iium.irep.992502022-08-05T07:00:07Z http://irep.iium.edu.my/99250/ Case study of defragmentation of city scale’s greenhouse gas emission in Melaka Zen, Irina Safitri Mohammad, Hafizam Mustafa Al Madhoun, Wesam Asmawi, M. Zainora Almulhim, Abdulaziz I. GE Environmental Sciences GE196 Sustainable living JS Local government Municipal government QD Chemistry The defragmentation of multiple sources of greenhouse gas emissions would allow for more effective climate action at the local level. The adoption of a Global Protocol for Community-Scale (GPC) framework will assist in determining the source of greenhouse gas emissions in Malacca based on inventory data. The online software tool (Harmonised Emissions Analysis Tool (HEAT+)) is used to translate data that can then be used to plan strategic initiatives at the local level. Malacca’s per capita GHG emissions currently stands at 4.59 tonnes of CO2 equivalent (tCO2e). A GPC analysis revealed the industrial sector was the principal offender, who accounted for 39.6% (1,548.412 tCO2e) of the emissions, this was followed by the transport and logistics sector, which accounted for 29.9% (1,160,333 tCO2e), the commercial sector that accounted for 14.7% (574,844 tCO2e) and individual residences which accounted for the balance 12.8% (499,655 tCO2e). Scope 1 dominated GHG emissions by 72.1%, based on the electricity use data from buildings held by the Historical Malacca City Council and Hang Tuah Jaya City Council. The result indicates that the two government buildings need to lead sustainable infrastructure initiatives and reduce emissions by spearheading various energy efficiency programmes. These initiatives can then be followed by businesses and residences using decentralised energy strategies. Making climate change mitigation efforts a priority is recommended. This can be done by implementing a variety of low-carbon-based technologies supported by command and control frameworks and market-based policy interventions. The manufacturing and services sectors are the two most important economic sectors in Malacca, and both have the capacity to adopt more advanced greener and cleaner technologies. Nevertheless, active modes of transportation must be promoted as part of the adaptation strategy for clean, lowcarbon modes of transportation. Universiti Malaysia Terengganu 2022-07-05 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/99250/2/99250_Case%20study%20of%20defragmentation%20of%20city%20scale%E2%80%99s%20greenhouse.pdf Zen, Irina Safitri and Mohammad, Hafizam Mustafa and Al Madhoun, Wesam and Asmawi, M. Zainora and Almulhim, Abdulaziz I. (2022) Case study of defragmentation of city scale’s greenhouse gas emission in Melaka. Journal of Sustainability Science and Management, 17 (7). pp. 1-20. ISSN 1823-8556 E-ISSN 2672-7226 https://jssm.umt.edu.my/wp-content/uploads/sites/51/2022/07/1-JSSM-Volume-17-Number-7-July-2022-1.pdf
institution Universiti Islam Antarabangsa Malaysia
building IIUM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider International Islamic University Malaysia
content_source IIUM Repository (IREP)
url_provider http://irep.iium.edu.my/
language English
topic GE Environmental Sciences
GE196 Sustainable living
JS Local government Municipal government
QD Chemistry
spellingShingle GE Environmental Sciences
GE196 Sustainable living
JS Local government Municipal government
QD Chemistry
Zen, Irina Safitri
Mohammad, Hafizam Mustafa
Al Madhoun, Wesam
Asmawi, M. Zainora
Almulhim, Abdulaziz I.
Case study of defragmentation of city scale’s greenhouse gas emission in Melaka
description The defragmentation of multiple sources of greenhouse gas emissions would allow for more effective climate action at the local level. The adoption of a Global Protocol for Community-Scale (GPC) framework will assist in determining the source of greenhouse gas emissions in Malacca based on inventory data. The online software tool (Harmonised Emissions Analysis Tool (HEAT+)) is used to translate data that can then be used to plan strategic initiatives at the local level. Malacca’s per capita GHG emissions currently stands at 4.59 tonnes of CO2 equivalent (tCO2e). A GPC analysis revealed the industrial sector was the principal offender, who accounted for 39.6% (1,548.412 tCO2e) of the emissions, this was followed by the transport and logistics sector, which accounted for 29.9% (1,160,333 tCO2e), the commercial sector that accounted for 14.7% (574,844 tCO2e) and individual residences which accounted for the balance 12.8% (499,655 tCO2e). Scope 1 dominated GHG emissions by 72.1%, based on the electricity use data from buildings held by the Historical Malacca City Council and Hang Tuah Jaya City Council. The result indicates that the two government buildings need to lead sustainable infrastructure initiatives and reduce emissions by spearheading various energy efficiency programmes. These initiatives can then be followed by businesses and residences using decentralised energy strategies. Making climate change mitigation efforts a priority is recommended. This can be done by implementing a variety of low-carbon-based technologies supported by command and control frameworks and market-based policy interventions. The manufacturing and services sectors are the two most important economic sectors in Malacca, and both have the capacity to adopt more advanced greener and cleaner technologies. Nevertheless, active modes of transportation must be promoted as part of the adaptation strategy for clean, lowcarbon modes of transportation.
format Article
author Zen, Irina Safitri
Mohammad, Hafizam Mustafa
Al Madhoun, Wesam
Asmawi, M. Zainora
Almulhim, Abdulaziz I.
author_facet Zen, Irina Safitri
Mohammad, Hafizam Mustafa
Al Madhoun, Wesam
Asmawi, M. Zainora
Almulhim, Abdulaziz I.
author_sort Zen, Irina Safitri
title Case study of defragmentation of city scale’s greenhouse gas emission in Melaka
title_short Case study of defragmentation of city scale’s greenhouse gas emission in Melaka
title_full Case study of defragmentation of city scale’s greenhouse gas emission in Melaka
title_fullStr Case study of defragmentation of city scale’s greenhouse gas emission in Melaka
title_full_unstemmed Case study of defragmentation of city scale’s greenhouse gas emission in Melaka
title_sort case study of defragmentation of city scale’s greenhouse gas emission in melaka
publisher Universiti Malaysia Terengganu
publishDate 2022
url http://irep.iium.edu.my/99250/2/99250_Case%20study%20of%20defragmentation%20of%20city%20scale%E2%80%99s%20greenhouse.pdf
http://irep.iium.edu.my/99250/
https://jssm.umt.edu.my/wp-content/uploads/sites/51/2022/07/1-JSSM-Volume-17-Number-7-July-2022-1.pdf
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