Characterization of alginate from sargassum duplicatum and the antioxidant effect of alginate-okra fruit extracts combination for wound healing on diabetic mice

• Main Authors: Ilmi, Zulfa Nailul, Wulandari, Pugar Arga Cristina, Husen, Saikhu Akhmad, Winarni, Dwi, Alamsjah, Mochammad Amin, Awang, Khalijah, Vastano, Marco, Pellis, Alessandro, Macquarrie, Duncan, Pudjiastuti, Pratiwi
• Format: Article
• Published: MDPI 2020
• Subjects: QD Chemistry
• Online Access: http://eprints.um.edu.my/37037/
• Institution: Universiti Malaya

Featured Application In this study, we evaluated antioxidant effect of alginate-okra extracts combination as topical application (ointment) for wound healing on diabetic mice. Characterization of alginate was used to determine structural characteristics and Okra fruit extract was determined total flavonoids content that have effect of the antioxidant properties. The antioxidant properties of extracts combination reduce blood-glucose levels to non-diabetic conditions (normal) significantly by topical application of diabetic open wound. These conditions can accelerate the activities of wound-healing processes on diabetic mice. The activities of wound-healing processes were performing periodically by histopathology test on skin tissue to evaluated wound healing parameters (wound area, neutrophils, macrophages, fibrocytes, fibroblasts and collagen densities). Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by high blood-glucose levels over a prolonged period that causes complications when an open wound is present. Alginate is an antioxidant and a good absorbent of exudates. Okra fruit contains flavonoids that can act as antioxidants. The antioxidant properties of extracts combination reduce blood-glucose levels significantly to accelerate the activities of wound-healing processes on diabetic mice. Alginate was characterized by Size Exclusion Chromatography-Multiple Angle Laser Light Scattering (SEC-MALLS), thermal stability and Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (H-1-NMR). The evaluation of wound healing on 36 male mice were divided into 12 groups including normal control (NC), diabetics control (DC), alginate (DA) and alginate-okra (DAO) groups in three different times by histopathology test on skin tissue. The results of SEC-MALLS analysis showed that alginate as single and homogeneous polysaccharide. The(1)H-NMR spectrum showed that the mannuronate/guluronate ratio of the used alginate was 0.91. Alginate, okra fruit extract and their combination were classified as moderate and strong antioxidants. The numbers of fibrocytes, fibroblasts, collagen densities had significantly increased from three to seven days. In contrast, wound width, neutrophil, macrophages had significantly decreased at 14 days. The administration of extracts combination increased the re-epithelization of the wound area and wound-healing process on diabetic mice.