Integration of carboxymethyl cellulose isolated from oil palm empty fruit bunch waste into bismuth ferrite as photocatalyst for effective anionic dyes degradation

Photocatalytic biomass valorization has proven to be a valuable approach for sustainably constructing value-added products from waste materials. The present study aimed to know about Bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3) nanoparticles combined into carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) obtained from oil palm empty fruit...

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Main Authors: Azman, Siti Aqilah Husna Md, Sagadevan, Suresh, Ahmad, Ishak, Kassim, Mohamad Haafiz Mohamad, Imam, Saifullahi Shehu, Nguyen, Khoa Dang, Kaus, Noor Haida Mohd
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Published: MDPI 2022
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Online Access:http://eprints.um.edu.my/40835/
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spelling my.um.eprints.408352023-09-27T01:33:17Z http://eprints.um.edu.my/40835/ Integration of carboxymethyl cellulose isolated from oil palm empty fruit bunch waste into bismuth ferrite as photocatalyst for effective anionic dyes degradation Azman, Siti Aqilah Husna Md Sagadevan, Suresh Ahmad, Ishak Kassim, Mohamad Haafiz Mohamad Imam, Saifullahi Shehu Nguyen, Khoa Dang Kaus, Noor Haida Mohd QD Chemistry Photocatalytic biomass valorization has proven to be a valuable approach for sustainably constructing value-added products from waste materials. The present study aimed to know about Bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3) nanoparticles combined into carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) obtained from oil palm empty fruit bunch waste (OCMC) and used as a catalyst composite for the degradation of anionic dyes, specifically on methyl orange (MO) and congo red (CR). The parameter that affects the formation of OCMC, such as the degree of substitution (DS), depends upon the alkalization reaction time and NaOH concentrations. The highest DS was obtained at 1.562 and found at 60% NaOH with 9 h of alkalization, very close to that of the commercial CMC (CCMC) DS value. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that OCMC as a semi-crystalline phase and the tensile strength of OCMC film increased significantly from 0.11 MPa to 3.54 MPa as compared to CCMC. The comparative study on photocatalytic degradation of MO and CR using OCMC and CCMC reinforced with 0.8% BiFeO3 showed a minor difference in removal percentage. The efficiency removal for CCMC/BFO towards CR and MO was enhanced to 95.49% and 92.93% after a 3-h treatment, and a similar result was obtained in the case of OCMC/BiFeO3 at 92.50% for CR and 89.56% for MO, respectively. Nevertheless, it is interesting that OCMC film exhibits remarkable stability with an improvement in terms of tensile strength and stays more intact than that of CCMC. MDPI 2022-10 Article PeerReviewed Azman, Siti Aqilah Husna Md and Sagadevan, Suresh and Ahmad, Ishak and Kassim, Mohamad Haafiz Mohamad and Imam, Saifullahi Shehu and Nguyen, Khoa Dang and Kaus, Noor Haida Mohd (2022) Integration of carboxymethyl cellulose isolated from oil palm empty fruit bunch waste into bismuth ferrite as photocatalyst for effective anionic dyes degradation. Catalysts, 12 (10). ISSN 2073-4344, DOI https://doi.org/10.3390/catal12101205 <https://doi.org/10.3390/catal12101205>. 10.3390/catal12101205
institution Universiti Malaya
building UM Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Malaya
content_source UM Research Repository
url_provider http://eprints.um.edu.my/
topic QD Chemistry
spellingShingle QD Chemistry
Azman, Siti Aqilah Husna Md
Sagadevan, Suresh
Ahmad, Ishak
Kassim, Mohamad Haafiz Mohamad
Imam, Saifullahi Shehu
Nguyen, Khoa Dang
Kaus, Noor Haida Mohd
Integration of carboxymethyl cellulose isolated from oil palm empty fruit bunch waste into bismuth ferrite as photocatalyst for effective anionic dyes degradation
description Photocatalytic biomass valorization has proven to be a valuable approach for sustainably constructing value-added products from waste materials. The present study aimed to know about Bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3) nanoparticles combined into carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) obtained from oil palm empty fruit bunch waste (OCMC) and used as a catalyst composite for the degradation of anionic dyes, specifically on methyl orange (MO) and congo red (CR). The parameter that affects the formation of OCMC, such as the degree of substitution (DS), depends upon the alkalization reaction time and NaOH concentrations. The highest DS was obtained at 1.562 and found at 60% NaOH with 9 h of alkalization, very close to that of the commercial CMC (CCMC) DS value. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that OCMC as a semi-crystalline phase and the tensile strength of OCMC film increased significantly from 0.11 MPa to 3.54 MPa as compared to CCMC. The comparative study on photocatalytic degradation of MO and CR using OCMC and CCMC reinforced with 0.8% BiFeO3 showed a minor difference in removal percentage. The efficiency removal for CCMC/BFO towards CR and MO was enhanced to 95.49% and 92.93% after a 3-h treatment, and a similar result was obtained in the case of OCMC/BiFeO3 at 92.50% for CR and 89.56% for MO, respectively. Nevertheless, it is interesting that OCMC film exhibits remarkable stability with an improvement in terms of tensile strength and stays more intact than that of CCMC.
format Article
author Azman, Siti Aqilah Husna Md
Sagadevan, Suresh
Ahmad, Ishak
Kassim, Mohamad Haafiz Mohamad
Imam, Saifullahi Shehu
Nguyen, Khoa Dang
Kaus, Noor Haida Mohd
author_facet Azman, Siti Aqilah Husna Md
Sagadevan, Suresh
Ahmad, Ishak
Kassim, Mohamad Haafiz Mohamad
Imam, Saifullahi Shehu
Nguyen, Khoa Dang
Kaus, Noor Haida Mohd
author_sort Azman, Siti Aqilah Husna Md
title Integration of carboxymethyl cellulose isolated from oil palm empty fruit bunch waste into bismuth ferrite as photocatalyst for effective anionic dyes degradation
title_short Integration of carboxymethyl cellulose isolated from oil palm empty fruit bunch waste into bismuth ferrite as photocatalyst for effective anionic dyes degradation
title_full Integration of carboxymethyl cellulose isolated from oil palm empty fruit bunch waste into bismuth ferrite as photocatalyst for effective anionic dyes degradation
title_fullStr Integration of carboxymethyl cellulose isolated from oil palm empty fruit bunch waste into bismuth ferrite as photocatalyst for effective anionic dyes degradation
title_full_unstemmed Integration of carboxymethyl cellulose isolated from oil palm empty fruit bunch waste into bismuth ferrite as photocatalyst for effective anionic dyes degradation
title_sort integration of carboxymethyl cellulose isolated from oil palm empty fruit bunch waste into bismuth ferrite as photocatalyst for effective anionic dyes degradation
publisher MDPI
publishDate 2022
url http://eprints.um.edu.my/40835/
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