Design and development of automatic evaporation pan system for hydrological station / Hasanuddin Mohd Ibrahim
One of the most common method in measuring evaporation is using evaporation pan. Traditionally the measurement of the evaporation is conducted manually. The automatic version of the evaporation pan measurement is not very common although many studies of using various mechanism have been carried o...
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Published: |
2018
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://studentsrepo.um.edu.my/10046/1/Hasanuddin_Mohd_Ibrahim.jpg http://studentsrepo.um.edu.my/10046/8/hasanuddin.pdf http://studentsrepo.um.edu.my/10046/ |
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| Institution: | Universiti Malaya |
| Summary: | One of the most common method in measuring evaporation is using evaporation pan.
Traditionally the measurement of the evaporation is conducted manually. The automatic
version of the evaporation pan measurement is not very common although many studies
of using various mechanism have been carried out. In 2016, 4 units of automatic
evaporation pan system has been installed at selected Department of Irrigation and
Drainage Malaysia (JPS) Hydrological Stations. After 2 years of installation, the installed
system is still facing some problems and deficiency that need to be improved and
enhanced. Apart from that, the control mechanism of the automation process is carried
out using remote terminal unit (RTU) with the built-in controller function which is
normally expensive and is not commonly used for other JPS hydrological stations. This
study is aimed to review and evaluate the existing automatic evaporation pan system
installed in JPS besides developing new type of controller using programmable logic
controller (PLC) to control the existing automation process. Methods used for the study
are evaluation of the suitability, durability and reliability of the existing system
components, data analysis between manual and automatic system and PLC program
design using CX-Programmer software. The existing automatic evaporation pan system
which adopts its own design shows high automation efficiency and less process errors
although it contains 3.5% of higher water volume compared with the standard manual
pan which is not connected to any parts. It is found also that all the components installed
outdoors in the Malaysian tropical climate exposed to high tear and wear process. Thus,
best quality and highly durable components and workmanships are required to increase
the lifespan despite regular maintenance. Lastly, the PLC automation of evaporation pan
has been successfully simulated using the real-time clock function and the instructions
such as scaling and value comparison of the PLC CX- Programmer software. |
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