Facile synthesis of CaFe2O4 for visible light driven treatment of polluting palm oil mill effluent: Photokinetic and scavenging study

In this paper, a facile synthesis method for CaFe2O4 is introduced that produces a catalyst capable of significant photocatalytic degradation of POME under visible light irradiation. The co-precipitation method was used to produce two catalysts at calcination temperatures of 550 °C and 700 °C dubbed...

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Main Authors: Charles, Ashwin, Khan, Maksudur R., Ng, Kim Hoong, Wu, Ta Yeong, Lim, Jun Wei, Wongsakulphasatch, Suwimol, Witoon, Thongthai, Cheng, C. K.
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier B.V. 2019
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Online Access:http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/24244/1/Facile%20synthesis%20of%20CaFe2O4%20for%20visible%20light%20driven.pdf
http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/24244/
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.195
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.195
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spelling my.ump.umpir.242442019-09-04T03:06:09Z http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/24244/ Facile synthesis of CaFe2O4 for visible light driven treatment of polluting palm oil mill effluent: Photokinetic and scavenging study Charles, Ashwin Khan, Maksudur R. Ng, Kim Hoong Wu, Ta Yeong Lim, Jun Wei Wongsakulphasatch, Suwimol Witoon, Thongthai Cheng, C. K. TP Chemical technology In this paper, a facile synthesis method for CaFe2O4 is introduced that produces a catalyst capable of significant photocatalytic degradation of POME under visible light irradiation. The co-precipitation method was used to produce two catalysts at calcination temperatures of 550 °C and 700 °C dubbed CP550 and CP700. CP550 demonstrated the maximum COD removal of 69.0% at 0.75 g/L catalyst loading after 8 h of visible light irradiation which dropped to 61.0% after three consecutive cycles. SEM images indicated that the higher calcination temperature of CP700 led to annealing which reduced the pore volume (0.025 cm3/g) and pore diameter (10.3 nm) while simultaneously creating a smoother and more spherical surface with lower SBET (9.73 m2/g). In comparison, CP550 had a rough hair-like surface with higher SBET (27.28 m2/g) and pore volume (0.077 cm3/g) as evidenced by BET analysis. XRD data indicated the presence of CaFe5O7 in the CP550 composition which was not present in CP700. The presence of Wustite-like FeO structures in CaFe5O7 are likely the cause for lower photoluminescence intensity profile and hence better charge separation of CP550 as these structures in CaFe2O4 have been known to increase resistivity and electron localization. The COD removal of CP550 dropped from 69.0% to just 7.0% upon adding a small quantity of isopropanol into the reaction mixture indicating hydroxyl radicals as the primary reactive oxidative species. Elsevier B.V. 2019 Article PeerReviewed pdf en http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/24244/1/Facile%20synthesis%20of%20CaFe2O4%20for%20visible%20light%20driven.pdf Charles, Ashwin and Khan, Maksudur R. and Ng, Kim Hoong and Wu, Ta Yeong and Lim, Jun Wei and Wongsakulphasatch, Suwimol and Witoon, Thongthai and Cheng, C. K. (2019) Facile synthesis of CaFe2O4 for visible light driven treatment of polluting palm oil mill effluent: Photokinetic and scavenging study. Science of The Total Environment, 661. pp. 522-530. ISSN 0048-9697 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.195 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.195
institution Universiti Malaysia Pahang
building UMP Library
collection Institutional Repository
continent Asia
country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Malaysia Pahang
content_source UMP Institutional Repository
url_provider http://umpir.ump.edu.my/
language English
topic TP Chemical technology
spellingShingle TP Chemical technology
Charles, Ashwin
Khan, Maksudur R.
Ng, Kim Hoong
Wu, Ta Yeong
Lim, Jun Wei
Wongsakulphasatch, Suwimol
Witoon, Thongthai
Cheng, C. K.
Facile synthesis of CaFe2O4 for visible light driven treatment of polluting palm oil mill effluent: Photokinetic and scavenging study
description In this paper, a facile synthesis method for CaFe2O4 is introduced that produces a catalyst capable of significant photocatalytic degradation of POME under visible light irradiation. The co-precipitation method was used to produce two catalysts at calcination temperatures of 550 °C and 700 °C dubbed CP550 and CP700. CP550 demonstrated the maximum COD removal of 69.0% at 0.75 g/L catalyst loading after 8 h of visible light irradiation which dropped to 61.0% after three consecutive cycles. SEM images indicated that the higher calcination temperature of CP700 led to annealing which reduced the pore volume (0.025 cm3/g) and pore diameter (10.3 nm) while simultaneously creating a smoother and more spherical surface with lower SBET (9.73 m2/g). In comparison, CP550 had a rough hair-like surface with higher SBET (27.28 m2/g) and pore volume (0.077 cm3/g) as evidenced by BET analysis. XRD data indicated the presence of CaFe5O7 in the CP550 composition which was not present in CP700. The presence of Wustite-like FeO structures in CaFe5O7 are likely the cause for lower photoluminescence intensity profile and hence better charge separation of CP550 as these structures in CaFe2O4 have been known to increase resistivity and electron localization. The COD removal of CP550 dropped from 69.0% to just 7.0% upon adding a small quantity of isopropanol into the reaction mixture indicating hydroxyl radicals as the primary reactive oxidative species.
format Article
author Charles, Ashwin
Khan, Maksudur R.
Ng, Kim Hoong
Wu, Ta Yeong
Lim, Jun Wei
Wongsakulphasatch, Suwimol
Witoon, Thongthai
Cheng, C. K.
author_facet Charles, Ashwin
Khan, Maksudur R.
Ng, Kim Hoong
Wu, Ta Yeong
Lim, Jun Wei
Wongsakulphasatch, Suwimol
Witoon, Thongthai
Cheng, C. K.
author_sort Charles, Ashwin
title Facile synthesis of CaFe2O4 for visible light driven treatment of polluting palm oil mill effluent: Photokinetic and scavenging study
title_short Facile synthesis of CaFe2O4 for visible light driven treatment of polluting palm oil mill effluent: Photokinetic and scavenging study
title_full Facile synthesis of CaFe2O4 for visible light driven treatment of polluting palm oil mill effluent: Photokinetic and scavenging study
title_fullStr Facile synthesis of CaFe2O4 for visible light driven treatment of polluting palm oil mill effluent: Photokinetic and scavenging study
title_full_unstemmed Facile synthesis of CaFe2O4 for visible light driven treatment of polluting palm oil mill effluent: Photokinetic and scavenging study
title_sort facile synthesis of cafe2o4 for visible light driven treatment of polluting palm oil mill effluent: photokinetic and scavenging study
publisher Elsevier B.V.
publishDate 2019
url http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/24244/1/Facile%20synthesis%20of%20CaFe2O4%20for%20visible%20light%20driven.pdf
http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/24244/
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.195
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.195
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