Fatty acid methyl esters production from waste catfish fat (pangasius hypothalamus) using barnacle-Zno as a catalyst

• Main Authors: Siti Norhafiza, Mohd Khazaai, Nur Farah Wahida, Abdul Wahid Baki, Maniam, Gaanty Pragas, Mohd Hasbi, Ab. Rahim
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Science Publishing Corporation 2018
• Subjects: TP Chemical technology
• Online Access: http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/29337/1/Fatty%20acid%20methyl%20esters%20production%20from%20waste%20catfish%20fat.pdf; http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/29337/; https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.11.15968; https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.11.15968
• Institution: Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah

The abundance and diverse populations of Barnacle shells catching the intention as a source of calcium oxide catalyst to transesterify waste catfish fat into methyl ester. Calcium oxide supporte d with zinc oxide was prepared by ball milling method at 1:2 ratios, calcined for 3 h at 400 °C. The characterization of catalyst revealed both metals were well integrated into a bimetallic oxide. The optimal condi-tions were found to be: methanol/oil mass ratio, 10:1; catalyst amount, 11 wt% at the reaction temperature, 65°C with 3 h of reaction time achieving 85.7% of methyl ester conversion. Both feedstock and catalyst from waste source have been successfully utilized to produce biodiesel.