The effectiveness of border crossing management between Malaysia & Thailand with reference to Bukit Kayu Hitam – Sadao and Padang Besar – Padangbasa

• Main Authors: Kassim, Muhammad Hatta, Hussain, Suhaidah, Abdul Wahab, Norwazli
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Universiti Malaysia Pahang 2022
• Subjects: H Social Sciences (General); HD Industries. Land use. Labor; HM Sociology; HV Social pathology. Social and public welfare
• Online Access: http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/36592/1/BORDER%20CROSSING.pdf; http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/36592/; https://doi.org/10.15282/jgi.5.3.2022.8620; https://doi.org/10.15282/jgi.5.3.2022.8620
• Institution: Universiti Malaysia Pahang

The Immigration Department of Malaysia, being the first line of defense, has always been in the limelight for its success stories as well as its flops due to integrity, system, and management issues. The debatable issue in Integrated Border Crossing Management (IBM) is the difficulty for any immigra...