Neurotoxicity of aluminium chloride and okadaic acid in zebrafish: Unravelling Alzheimer's disease model via learning and memory function evaluation

• Main Authors: Siti Zaleha, Raduan, Qamar Uddin, Ahmed, Muhammad Rusdi, Ahmad Rusmili, Awis Sukarne, Mohmad Sabere, Muhammad Salahuddin, Haris, Mohmad Farooq, Shaikh, Wan Azizi, Wan Sulaiman, Muhammad Hamdi, Mahmood
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier España, S.L.U. 2024
• Subjects: RC0321 Neuroscience. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry; RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology
• Online Access: http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/46645/1/Raduan%20et%20al%202024B.pdf; http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/46645/; https://www.elsevier.es/en-revista-neurology-perspectives-17-avance-resumen-neurotoxicity-aluminium-chloride-okadaic-acid-S2667049624000371; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurop.2024.100180
• Institution: Universiti Malaysia Sarawak

Introduction/objectives: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterised by a progressive decline in cognitive abilities, especially learning and memory. To validate the zebrafish as a suitable model organism for AD, the study examined the effects of 2 neurotoxin agents, aluminium chloride (AlCl3) and okadaic acid (OKA). In the full experimental design, both neurotoxins were administered intraperitoneally at 3 distinct doses (low, medium, and high) twice weekly for 21 days. At 3 time-points, behavioural tasks were conducted on day 7 (short duration), day 14 (moderate duration), and day 21 (long duration). The behavioural tasks consisted of a novel tank test lasting 6 min, followed by a T-maze tank test lasting 5 min. Methods: In this article, the T-maze tank test was discussed in detail to evaluate which neurotoxins and their optimal dosages are impactful in developing a zebrafish AD model towards learning and memory functions. This evaluation measured four parameters: the amount of time spent in the wrong arm, the total distance travelled in the deeper chamber, and the 3-h and 24-h inflexion ratios.