Application of response surface methodology in finite element analysis of deflection of pretensioned inverted T-beam with web openings strengthened with GFRP laminates
A precast, prestressed concrete girder with circular web openings allows building service systems (mechanical, electrical, communications, and plumbing) to cross the girder line within the member's depth, reducing a building's floor -to- floor height and the overall height of the structure...
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Main Authors: | , , |
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Format: | Conference Paper |
Published: |
2023
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Institution: | Universiti Tenaga Nasional |