Risk factors of tuberculosis among diabetes mellitus patients in Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah, Alor Setar 2015-2016

• Main Author: Fauzi, Farah Fatin
• Format: Thesis
• Language: English
• Published: 2017
• Online Access: http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/71043/1/FPSK%28M%29%202017%2024%20-%20IR.pdf; http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/71043/
• Institution: Universiti Putra Malaysia

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) and diabetes mellitus (DM) is a double-burden disease where person with diabetes have triple risk of developing tuberculosis later in their life in view of their weak immune system. In view of both TB and DM is one of the major global health problem, combating both diseases will indirectly reduce its burden. Objective: The aim of this study is to determine risk factors of tuberculosis (TB) among diabetes mellitus (DM) patients in Chest Clinic of Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah, Alor Setar. Methodology: This study was conducted in Chest Clinic, Respiratory Unit of Medical Department, Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah, Alor Setar Kedah. It is an unmatched hospital based case-control study design where the study population consist of records of patients from the chest clinic HSB and diabetic clinic registry of primary care settings for both case and control. Simple random sampling method were used for this study. The case and control were randomly selected from the list of e-Respiratory registry of Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah. Result: The final model has a good fit (p>0.05). Male patients who have diabetes mellitus (DM) were two times at risk of having tuberculosis as compared to female patients with DM (aOR=2.25, 95% CI=1.18, 4.30). Non-malays ethnicity who have diabetes mellitus (DM) were three times at risk of having tuberculosis as compared to Malay ethnic patients with DM (aOR=3.35, 95% CI=1.43, 7.86). Patients age of more than 50 years old at DM diagnosis two times more likely to have tuberculosis compared to patients age of less than 50 years old at DM diagnosis (aOR=2.21, 95% CI=1.18, 4.16). DM patients who smokes cigarette were two times more likely to develop TB as compared to non-smokers DM patient (aOR=2.22, 95% CI=1.19, 4.14). DM patients who have history of contact with TB patients have 11 times odds of developing TB as compared with those who never have history of contact with TB patients (aOR=11.07, 95% CI=5.47, 22.40). Conclusion: The important risk factors associated with tuberculosis among diabetics are gender, ethnicity, age at DM diagnosis, smoking status and history of contact with TB patient.