Ionic liquid-based microwave-assisted extraction of lipid and eicosapentaenoic acid from Nannochloropsis oceanica biomass: experimental optimization approach

Lipids and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) compounds from Nannochloropsis oceanica biomass were extracted using a combination of ionic liquids (ILs) and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE). When compared to conventional Soxhlet extraction, the proposed novel approach in this paper successfully improved...

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Main Authors: Motlagh, Shiva Rezaei, Harun, Razif, Awang Biak, Dayang Radiah, Hussain, Siti Aslina, Omar, Rozita, Khezri, Ramin, Elgharbawy, Amal A.
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Published: Springer Netherlands 2021
Online Access:http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/93917/
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10811-021-02437-9#citeas
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Institution: Universiti Putra Malaysia
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spelling my.upm.eprints.939172023-03-06T03:18:31Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/93917/ Ionic liquid-based microwave-assisted extraction of lipid and eicosapentaenoic acid from Nannochloropsis oceanica biomass: experimental optimization approach Motlagh, Shiva Rezaei Harun, Razif Awang Biak, Dayang Radiah Hussain, Siti Aslina Omar, Rozita Khezri, Ramin Elgharbawy, Amal A. Lipids and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) compounds from Nannochloropsis oceanica biomass were extracted using a combination of ionic liquids (ILs) and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE). When compared to conventional Soxhlet extraction, the proposed novel approach in this paper successfully improved both the yield of total extracted lipids and the EPA content. The effect of selected extraction parameters including the weight of applied IL (tetramethyl ammonium chloride: [TMAm][Cl]) (0.5–2.5 g), reaction temperature (60–100 °C), and process time (5–30 min) on final products was evaluated using response surface methodology (RSM). The optimal values of parameters were determined and three-dimensional response surfaces were plotted from the mathematical models and discussed. The yield of total extracted lipids and the content of EPA were found 19.58 wt% (g g−1 of total biomass) and 37.919 mg g−1 of total FAME respectively, when the extraction process was accomplished in 24.69 min at 88.18 °C and with 1.65 g of ILs. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied in the analysis of experimental data and the R2 of 0.9506 and 0.9517 for total lipid and EPA models, respectively, show that the experimental findings were well aligned with the predicted values. Furthermore, at similar condition, the extraction process was replicated using two other types of ILs namely [EMIM][Cl] and [EMPyrro][Br] to extract the total lipid and EPA. The results showed that [TMAm][Cl] performed better in extracting compounds from microalgae. Based on the findings, this study shows that the combination of ILs mediated in water-based MAE is an environmentally friendly, reliable, and efficacious approach to enhance the extraction of lipids and EPA from N. oceanica with considerable potential to be up-scaled for commercial applications. Springer Netherlands 2021-04-05 Article PeerReviewed Motlagh, Shiva Rezaei and Harun, Razif and Awang Biak, Dayang Radiah and Hussain, Siti Aslina and Omar, Rozita and Khezri, Ramin and Elgharbawy, Amal A. (2021) Ionic liquid-based microwave-assisted extraction of lipid and eicosapentaenoic acid from Nannochloropsis oceanica biomass: experimental optimization approach. Journal of Applied Phycology, 33 (4). pp. 2015-2029. ISSN 0921-8971; ESSN: 1573-5176 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10811-021-02437-9#citeas 10.1007/s10811-021-02437-9
institution Universiti Putra Malaysia
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country Malaysia
content_provider Universiti Putra Malaysia
content_source UPM Institutional Repository
url_provider http://psasir.upm.edu.my/
description Lipids and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) compounds from Nannochloropsis oceanica biomass were extracted using a combination of ionic liquids (ILs) and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE). When compared to conventional Soxhlet extraction, the proposed novel approach in this paper successfully improved both the yield of total extracted lipids and the EPA content. The effect of selected extraction parameters including the weight of applied IL (tetramethyl ammonium chloride: [TMAm][Cl]) (0.5–2.5 g), reaction temperature (60–100 °C), and process time (5–30 min) on final products was evaluated using response surface methodology (RSM). The optimal values of parameters were determined and three-dimensional response surfaces were plotted from the mathematical models and discussed. The yield of total extracted lipids and the content of EPA were found 19.58 wt% (g g−1 of total biomass) and 37.919 mg g−1 of total FAME respectively, when the extraction process was accomplished in 24.69 min at 88.18 °C and with 1.65 g of ILs. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied in the analysis of experimental data and the R2 of 0.9506 and 0.9517 for total lipid and EPA models, respectively, show that the experimental findings were well aligned with the predicted values. Furthermore, at similar condition, the extraction process was replicated using two other types of ILs namely [EMIM][Cl] and [EMPyrro][Br] to extract the total lipid and EPA. The results showed that [TMAm][Cl] performed better in extracting compounds from microalgae. Based on the findings, this study shows that the combination of ILs mediated in water-based MAE is an environmentally friendly, reliable, and efficacious approach to enhance the extraction of lipids and EPA from N. oceanica with considerable potential to be up-scaled for commercial applications.
format Article
author Motlagh, Shiva Rezaei
Harun, Razif
Awang Biak, Dayang Radiah
Hussain, Siti Aslina
Omar, Rozita
Khezri, Ramin
Elgharbawy, Amal A.
spellingShingle Motlagh, Shiva Rezaei
Harun, Razif
Awang Biak, Dayang Radiah
Hussain, Siti Aslina
Omar, Rozita
Khezri, Ramin
Elgharbawy, Amal A.
Ionic liquid-based microwave-assisted extraction of lipid and eicosapentaenoic acid from Nannochloropsis oceanica biomass: experimental optimization approach
author_facet Motlagh, Shiva Rezaei
Harun, Razif
Awang Biak, Dayang Radiah
Hussain, Siti Aslina
Omar, Rozita
Khezri, Ramin
Elgharbawy, Amal A.
author_sort Motlagh, Shiva Rezaei
title Ionic liquid-based microwave-assisted extraction of lipid and eicosapentaenoic acid from Nannochloropsis oceanica biomass: experimental optimization approach
title_short Ionic liquid-based microwave-assisted extraction of lipid and eicosapentaenoic acid from Nannochloropsis oceanica biomass: experimental optimization approach
title_full Ionic liquid-based microwave-assisted extraction of lipid and eicosapentaenoic acid from Nannochloropsis oceanica biomass: experimental optimization approach
title_fullStr Ionic liquid-based microwave-assisted extraction of lipid and eicosapentaenoic acid from Nannochloropsis oceanica biomass: experimental optimization approach
title_full_unstemmed Ionic liquid-based microwave-assisted extraction of lipid and eicosapentaenoic acid from Nannochloropsis oceanica biomass: experimental optimization approach
title_sort ionic liquid-based microwave-assisted extraction of lipid and eicosapentaenoic acid from nannochloropsis oceanica biomass: experimental optimization approach
publisher Springer Netherlands
publishDate 2021
url http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/93917/
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10811-021-02437-9#citeas
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